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• W2021663263 abstract "Shigella is becoming an increasing public health problem due to development of multiple antimicrobial resistance, frequently resulting in treatment failure. A systematic review was conducted based on a literature search of computerised databases. Random or fixed-effects models were used, based on the P-value considering the possibility of heterogeneity between studies, for meta-analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 10.0. In the area of Asia–Africa, resistance rates to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin were 33.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 21.8–46.6%] and 5.0% (95% CI 2.8–7.8%), respectively, 10.5 and 16.7 times those of Europe–America. Moreover, resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin in Asia–Africa progressively increased each year, reaching 64.5% (95% CI 13.8–99.3%) and 29.1% (95% CI 0.9–74.8%), respectively, in 2007–2009, whilst isolates in Europe–America remained at low levels of resistance (<5.0% and <1.0%, respectively). All Shigella flexneri strains showed higher resistance than Shigella sonnei in Europe–America: overall, 3.5% (95% CI 1.4–6.4%) vs. 2.6% (95% CI 1.0–5.0%) resistant to nalidixic acid and 1.0% (95% CI 0.3–2.2%) vs. 0.1% (95% CI 0.0–0.3%) resistant to ciprofloxacin. In Asia–Africa, a similar trend was found for ciprofloxacin [3.0% (95% CI 1.4–5.3%) vs. 0.5% (95% CI 0.2–0.8%)], whereas the trend was reversed for nalidixic acid [32.6% (95% CI 14.5–53.9%) vs. 44.3% (95% CI 26.9–62.5%). In conclusion, quinolone resistance in Shigella has increased at an alarming speed, reinforcing the importance of continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in Shigella." @default.
• W2021663263 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2021663263 date "2012-07-01" @default.
• W2021663263 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
• W2021663263 title "Comparison of the prevalence and changing resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin of Shigella between Europe–America and Asia–Africa from 1998 to 2009" @default.
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• W2021663263 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.02.005" @default.

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