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• W2021972630 abstract "Abnormalities of the lumbar spine in respect to mechanical stability and functional capacity have been a matter of considerable importance to those concerned with industrial medicine. More recently they have assumed particular interest in the Armed Forces, for whom the correlation between structural variants of the spine and precipitation or development of “back pain” is a significant problem. The Normal Vertebra Embryology (1, 9): At the second week of fetal life, there are two centers of chondrification in each vertebral body and one in each half of the incomplete neural arch. At the tenth week, the body shows a single center of ossification (at times two centers may appear). Concurrently, each half of the neural arch shows a single center of ossification. At birth, each lateral half of the neural arch consists of a bony plate united by cartilage with the body of the vertebra. During the first year of life, the vertebral arch forms as a result of fusion of these plates and gives rise to the spinous process. It is not, however, until the third year that the ossification of the neural arch and of the vertebral body becomes confluent. Full union of the primary centers is not completed until several years after birth. Anatomy (7): The typical normal adult vertebra consists of two parts: an anterior segment, the body, and a posterior part, the vertebral or neural arch. These enclose the vertebral foramen. The vertebral arch consists of a pair of pedicles and a pair of laminae and supports seven processes: four articular, two transverse, and one spinous. The pedicles are two short, thick processes which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body, at the junction of its posterior and lateral surfaces. The laminae are two broad plates directed backward and medialward from the pedicles. The articular processes, two superior and two inferior, spring from the junctions of the pedicles and laminae. In the vertebra which shows the type of lesion with which we are concerned (Fig. 1), there is an hiatus between the superior and inferior articular processes. To this region, when intact, the term “interarticular isthmus” has been applied (3). The dehiscence itself might well be called the “interarticular hiatus.” Such a term would be more specific in localizing the site of the defect than the term spondylolysis (“dissolution of vertebra”), an inclusive term which, by common usage, has come to connote this separation of the articular processes. The word hiatus is also to be preferred to other terms such as defect, etc., which are not adequately descriptive of the exact finding. A defect is any imperfection, blemish, or fault, whereas an hiatus is defined as a gap or fissure, which is exactly what we find in this condition. History In 1853, Kilian (11) first described the entity of “spondylolisthesis,” giving to it that name of Greek derivation meaning “slipping of a vertebra.”" @default.
• W2021972630 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2021972630 date "1946-06-01" @default.
• W2021972630 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2021972630 title "Interarticular Isthmus Hiatus (Spondylolysis)" @default.
• W2021972630 cites W2010308145 @default.
• W2021972630 doi "https://doi.org/10.1148/46.6.573" @default.
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