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• W2022160920 abstract "There is an increasing awareness that biomass and waste are valuable feedstocks for second generation biorefining, by-products and material production processes that give rise to platform chemicals to substitute petrochemical resources. Following the trend observed previously, this second issue of the journal presents very diverse research experiences addressing the valorization of biomass and waste related to various fields of engineering science. Biomass is particularly concerned. Kwapinski et al. described the physical properties and compositions of biochars produced during the pyrolysis of various biomass such as miscanthus, willow and pine from 400 to 600 C. The results showed that the surface area of the miscanthus biochar was greatly increased and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra showed the disappearance of the carbohydrate and lignin plant components. The important issue of standards to evaluate the acceptable compositions of biochars that can be used when the products are added to soils is discussed. Fiori and Florio propose a study on gasification and combustion of Grape marc, a biomass waste of the vine-making and distilling industry, that is produced in huge quantity worldwide. Its reutilization could allow reducing disposal problems and obtaining useful by-products such as polyphenolic compounds and grape seed oil or energy. The research presented is focused on the study for alternative processes to exploit the grape marc as a source for energy. Three different process schemes have been analyzed and modeled by means of Aspen PlusTM software. The schemes investigated are Combustion process for energy production, Grape marc gasification using air as oxidizing agent, Grape marc gasification using steam as oxidizing agent in a fluidized bed. Optimization of the efficiency of processes and modeling are approaches that are gathering a significant research effort. So, Chakraborty and Banerjee have investigated a method for maximization of biodiesel yield from used frying soybean oil containing high free fatty acid. Multivariable statistical correlations capable of predicting fuel properties as a function of operating variables have been established. Inter-relations among important fuel properties of the combined-biodiesel have also been presented. Twostep process viz. acidic esterification (chemical-pretreatment) and alkaline transesterification have been considered to increase overall yield of quality biodiesel from used frying soybean oil and efficient waste management. Piccirillo et al. reported about an effective way for valorization of agriculture waste (Ginja cherry plants), and producing valuable compounds. The results have shown that the waste from traditional cherry liquor production can be used to extract antibacterial species, since the ethanolic extracts from both stems and leaves of Ginja cherry plants were rich in polyphenols. These compounds have shown an antibacterial effect. Various experiences on the valorization of waste are also presented. Vasquez et al. have investigated the extraction of polyphenols from a waste product from the food industry, the shell of the chestnut fruit. It was examined with the aim of analyzing the potential of the extracts for the formulation of wood adhesives, for leather tanning and as natural antioxidants. Chestnut shell extracts showed total phenols contents higher than those obtained for other similar lignocellulosic materials and high values of the antioxidant activity. On experience from Ireland, Zhao et al. discussed an approach for beneficial reuse of alum sludge in engineered wetland (EW). The study aimed A. Nzihou (&) Ecole des Mines d’Albi-Carmaux, Albi CT Cedex 09, France e-mail: ange.nzihou@mines-albi.fr" @default.
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• W2022160920 date "2010-06-01" @default.
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• W2022160920 title "Editorial: Research on Waste and Biomass: Multiple Valorization Schemes for Progress" @default.
• W2022160920 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-010-9027-5" @default.
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