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• W2022164022 abstract "Electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and high-spatial-resolution electron probe X-ray microanalysis have been used to characterize certain ultrastructural components observed in undecalcified, unfixed, and unstained thin sections of epiphyseal growth plate cartilage from tibiae of normal 4-week-old rats. The tissue was prepared anhydrously by dry ultracryomicrotomy. Electron microscopy revealed electron-dense mitochondrial granules (500–1000 Å in diameter) within chondrocytes of proliferative and hypertrophic cartilage zones. The mitochondrial granules in frozen thin sections generated no distinct reflections on electron diffraction. X-ray spectra from individual granules showed both calcium and phosphorus with a molar Ca/P ∼0.8–1.1. There was no apparent decrease in the number of mitochondrial granules as extracellular mineralization increased toward distal portions of the growth plate. Electron microscopy of the extracellular regions of proliferative and hypertrophic cartilage zones showed matrix vesicles (1000–2500 Å in diameter) and small, electron-dense particles (200–800 Å in diameter). No mineral particles within or associated with the membrane-bound matrix vesicles could be observed by electron microscopy in any region of the growth plate examined, and only phosphorus could be detected in individual vesicles on X-ray microanalysis. The small, electron-dense particles were not membrane limited; they were distributed in a heterodispersed fashion and found in the same cartilage regions in which matrix vesicles were present, as well as in regions proximal to those in which matrix vesicles occurred. These small, heterodispersed structures were not apparent in sections of rat cartilage fixed and stained by aqueous methods. The electron-dense, heterodispersed particles in frozen sections produced no coherent pattern on electron diffraction and generated calcium and phosphorus with a molar Ca/P ∼0.9–1.0 following X-ray microanalysis. The electron optical and analytical data are consistent with the conclusion that the small heterodispersed particles represent the first solid phase of calcium phosphate deposited in the extracellular matrix of rat epiphyseal growth plate cartilage. When the same tissue was examined after preparation by conventional aqueous techniques, matrix vesicles were observed containing distinct and relatively large crystals characterized by weak calcium and phosphorus on electron probe microanalysis. The comparative results obtained from completely unfixed tissue and from tissue exposed to aqueous solvents raise serious doubts as to whether matrix vesicles contain a solid phase of calcium phosphate in vivo and consequently question the proposed role of the calcification of matrix vesicles in tissue mineralization." @default.
• W2022164022 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2022164022 creator A5021408163 @default.
• W2022164022 creator A5035832329 @default.
• W2022164022 date "1982-03-01" @default.
• W2022164022 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
• W2022164022 title "Electron optical and analytical observations of rat growth plate cartilage prepared by ultracryomicrotomy: The failure to detect a mineral phase in matrix vesicles and the identification of heterodispersed particles as the initial solid phase of calcium phosphate deposited in the extracellular matrix" @default.
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