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• W2022199194 abstract "Abstract The Gibbs adsorption isotherm for plane surfaces of dilute aqueous solutions of two strong electrolytes, KA and M n Z m , has been developed by introducing a third component having a common ion, K n Z or MA m , and extrapolating its concentration to zero. This introduction of the third component is necessary because it is generally formed on aqueous surfaces, in spite of its absence in the bulk, because of different adsorption powers of ions. The chemical potentials of components of the subsidiary quaternary system are expressed by their concentrations, assuming the ideal solution. The change in its surface tension can be related to the change in molar concentrations of KA , M n Z m , and either K n Z or MA m . The surface excess densities of four ions in the indifferent ternary system H 2 O + KA + M n M m can be derived from the changes of surface tension with the logarithms of molar concentrations of KA and M n Z m , combined with the limiting adsorption power of the third component at its zero concentration. The degree of preferential adsorption of a cation over another cation or of an anion over another anion can be defined for either of the indifferent ternary systems, m = 1, H 2 O + KA + M n Z , or, n = 1, H 2 O + KA + MZ m , and the surface excess densities of four ions can be expressed by the degree of preferential adsorption. From the surface excess densities of ions in the indifferent ternary system H 2 O + KA + M n Z , the surface excess densities of three ions in the common cation system H 2 O + KA + K n Z or H 2 O + MA + M n Z can be determined by observing the intrincic adsorption of anions and correcting the surface composition of anions. Similarly, from the surface excess densities of ions in the indifferent ternary system H 2 O + KA + MZ m the surface excess densities of three ions in the common anion system H 2 O + KA + MA m or H 2 O + KZ + MZ m can be predicted. However, it is not necessarily possible to realize the state of intrinsic adsorption of ions, when one of the ions is sufficiently surface-active to produce a large change in surface tension and the other is simple, since the ionic composition on the surface is more abundant in the surfactant ion than that in the bulk, that is, the counterions are always preferentially adsorbed." @default.
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• W2022199194 date "1988-02-01" @default.
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• W2022199194 title "Preferential adsorption of ions on aqueous surfaces of mixed solution on mono-monovalent and multi-multivalent strong electrolytes" @default.
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• W2022199194 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(88)90446-8" @default.
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