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• W2022233929 abstract "As the battles over fiscal policy play out in Washington, DC, the prognosis for both science and the environment is far from rosy. The situation is highly volatile, with new developments almost every day, but some outcomes are fairly certain – there will be substantial budget cuts to federally supported science research and education, agencies charged with implementing environmental laws will have less money and possibly less authority to do so, and the numerous environmental issues facing the US will continue to worsen. Even before the 2010 midterm elections changed the political landscape, the nation's proximity to its debt limit was looming and the state of the economy made it clear that fiscal belt-tightening was on its way. The mandatory part of the federal budget does not depend on annual appropriations and consists primarily of Social Security benefits, Medicare, and Medicaid. In contrast, the discretionary part of the federal budget, which funds pretty much everything else, must be passed by Congress and signed into law by the President each year. Yet, because discretionary funding makes up only about one-third of the entire federal budget, even severe cuts there will barely put a dent in the federal deficit, while weakening – or in some cases, crippling – important programs. For example, House of Representatives' attempts to slash the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) budget and its power to regulate air quality standards led the American Lung Association to publish warnings regarding the high price that Americans will pay in terms of increased rates of asthma, heart attacks, and strokes, while both conservation and hunting and fishing groups are lobbying against proposed funding cuts to the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Park Service, and the Bureau of Land Management. Science advocates argue that investments in scientific research and technological innovation yield excellent returns, while education advocates point to the need to equip the next generation with the skills to become a well-trained, competitive workforce. In February, the Ecological Society of America (ESA) joined dozens of scientific, academic, and industry organizations in calling on Congress and the Obama Administration to avoid debilitating cuts to science and education. While acknowledging the country's budget deficits and national debt, these groups argued that research and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education programs spur innovation and create new jobs. ESA also joined the Society for Conservation Biology as a signatory on a letter decrying the process used by the House in passing controversial amendments, such as the delisting of the gray wolf from the Endangered Species Act. The letter noted that circumventing the normal process of public hearings and review of scientific evidence opens the door to “directives supported by particular interests, often far more parochial than national”. The House-passed continuing resolution, known as HR 1, to fund the remainder of the current fiscal year would make deep cuts to many science-based agencies – both those that support academic research, like the National Science Foundation (NSF), and those charged with implementing environmental monitoring programs, such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For example, if the House's proposed cuts make it past the Senate and the President, it has been calculated that NSF's education and human resources directorate would grant 235 fewer awards and support 4400 fewer researchers, students, teachers, and technical support personnel. Other House amendments, if enacted, would stop NOAA from launching a new service to provide scientific data and information about climate, block the EPA from regulating greenhouse-gas emissions or air pollutants such as mercury and particulates, and prohibit the Federal Government from contributing financially to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Whether environmental antipathy is rooted in an unwillingness to address national or global environmental challenges, the fear of economic consequences and jobs lost in a particular state, or a reluctance to defy a financially influential lobbying force that has an interest in maintaining the status quo, doesn't really matter. The current fiscal fracas offers great opportunities for those seeking to enfeeble current environmental laws and programs. The challenge ecologists now face is how to reframe the debate and effectively communicate the reality that maintaining these regulations and programs is essential to America's long-term economic prosperity and for protecting public health. As a League of Conservation Voters representative noted in reference to HR 1: “The mandate out of the 2010 election was to create jobs and decrease spending, not to endanger the air we breathe or the water we drink”." @default.
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• W2022233929 date "2011-04-01" @default.
• W2022233929 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2022233929 title "Not‐so‐great expectations" @default.
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