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• W2022370003 abstract "Abstract: Security infrastructure along international boundaries threatens to degrade connectivity for wildlife. To explore potential effects of a fence under construction along the U.S.–Mexico border on wildlife, we assessed movement behavior of two species with different life histories whose regional persistence may depend on transboundary movements. We used radiotelemetry to assess how vegetation and landscape structure affect flight and natal dispersal behaviors of Ferruginous Pygmy-Owls (Glaucidium brasilianum), and satellite telemetry, gene-flow estimates, and least-cost path models to assess movement behavior and interpopulation connectivity of desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis mexicana). Flight height of Pygmy-Owls averaged only 1.4 m (SE 0.1) above ground, and only 23% of flights exceeded 4 m. Juvenile Pygmy-Owls dispersed at slower speeds, changed direction more, and had lower colonization success in landscapes with larger vegetation openings or higher levels of disturbance (p ≤ 0.047), which suggests large vegetation gaps coupled with tall fences may limit transboundary movements. Female bighorn sheep crossed valleys up to 4.9 km wide, and microsatellite analyses indicated relatively high levels of gene flow and migration (95% CI for FST=0.010–0.115, Nm = 1.9–24.8, M =10.4–15.4) between populations divided by an 11-km valley. Models of gene flow based on regional topography and movement barriers suggested that nine populations of bighorn sheep in northwestern Sonora are linked by dispersal with those in neighboring Arizona. Disruption of transboundary movement corridors by impermeable fencing would isolate some populations on the Arizona side. Connectivity for other species with similar movement abilities and spatial distributions may be affected by border development, yet mitigation strategies could address needs of wildlife and humans. Resumen: La infraestructura de seguridad a lo largo de fronteras internacionales amenaza con degradar la conectividad para la vida silvestre. Para explorar los efectos potenciales de una barda en construcción a lo largo de la frontera Estados Unidos-México sobre la vida silvestre, evaluamos la conducta de movimiento de dos especies con historias de vida diferentes cuya persistencia regional puede depender de movimientos transfronterizos. Utilizamos radiotelemetría para evaluar el efecto de la estructura de la vegetación y el paisaje sobre las conductas de vuelo y dispersión natal de mochuelos (Glaucidium brasilianum), y telemetría por satélite, estimaciones del flujo de genes y modelos de camino de mínimo costo para evaluar la conducta de movimiento y la conectividad entre poblaciones de borrego cimarrón (Ovis canadensis mexicana). La altura de vuelo de los mochuelos promedió solo 1.4 m (ES 0.1) sobre el suelo, y solo 23% de los vuelos excedieron los 4 m. Los mochuelos juveniles volaron a menor velocidad, cambiaron más de dirección y tuvieron un bajo éxito de colonización en paisajes de vegetación con grandes claros o mayores niveles de perturbación (p ≤ 0.047), lo que sugiere que los grandes claros de vegetación aunado a bardas altas pueden limitar los movimientos transfronterizos. Borregos hembras atravesaron valles de hasta 4.9 km de ancho, y los análisis de microsatélites indicaron niveles relativamente altos de flujo y migración de genes (95% IC para FST=0.010–0.115, Nm = 1.9–24.8, M =10.4–15.4) entre poblaciones separadas por un valle de 11 km. Los modelos de flujo de genes basados en la topografía regional y las barreras al movimiento sugirieron que nueve poblaciones de borrego cimarrón en el noroeste de Sonora están ligadas por dispersión con poblaciones en Arizona. La disrupción de corredores de movimiento transfronterizo por una barda impermeable aislaría algunas poblaciones del lado de Arizona. La conectividad para otras especies con habilidades de movimiento y distribuciones espaciales similares puede ser afectada por el desarrollo de la frontera, sin embargo las estrategias de mitigación podrían atender las necesidades de la vida silvestre y los humanos. Appendix S1 Please note: Wiley-Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting materials supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article." @default.
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• W2022370003 date "2010-02-01" @default.
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• W2022370003 title "Potential Effects of the United States-Mexico Border Fence on Wildlife" @default.
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• W2022370003 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01277.x" @default.
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