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• W2022439897 abstract "The main phase of a geomagnetic storm may be explained in terms of ring currents caused by drifts of trapped ions; Dst requires a symmetrical ring and DS an unsymmetrical ring. Alternatively both components may be caused by a geomagnetic tail; its field lines may link with the Earth and be open or closed. Other field lines may be created from the interplanetary field. A comparison of these theories is first made on a theoretical basis. Some objections to the unsymmetrical ring current are raised; the symmetrical ring current and tail are both likely to occur, the latter being maintained by gas which becomes attached to the field lines. The theories are compared with sea-level geomagnetic storm data, both averaged and for individual storms and sub-storms. It is concluded that the main phaseDst component is caused by the combined effects of a ring current and a tail, in varying proportions. DS is caused partly by magnetospheric motions which result from twist deformations of the field lines and partly from a tail into which plasma remains frozen. Weak, moderate and great storms all result from solar winds of the same average intensity and duration. The different main-phase intensities result from differing degrees of frictional interaction, the difference perhaps depending on the interplanetary magnetic field strength and direction. Magnetometers and ion counters in spacecraft and ionospheric observations tend to confirm the above conclusions. The diurnal variation in latitude of geomagnetically trapped electrons (Injun I) is explained in terms of a geomagnetic tail as are other observed diurnal effects. Moжнo oбъяcняTь глaVнyю фaзy гeoMaгниTнoй бyrи кoльцeVыMи ToкaMи, VызVaнныMи дreйфaMи yлoVлeнныч иoнoV; для Dst нyжнo cиMMeTrичнoe кoльцo, a для DS—нecиMMeTrичнoe кoльцo. c дryгoй cToroны, oбe cocTaVляющиe MoжeT быTь VызVaны гeoMaгниTныM чVocToM, пoлeVыe линии кoToroгo MoгyT быTь cVязaны c зeMлeй и быTь oTкrыTыMи или зaкrыTыMи. MeжплaнeTнoe пoлe MoжeT coздaVaTь и дryгиe пoлeVыe линии. ЭTи Teorии craVниVaюTcя Meждy coбoй cпerVa нa TeoreTичecкoй ocнoVe. ДeлaюT нecкoлькo Voзraжeний пroTиV нecиMMeTrичныч кoльцeVыч ToкoV; и cиMMeTrичный кoльцeVoй Toк, и чVocT VeroяTнo cyщecTVyюT, пrичeM пocлeдний пoпoлняeTcя гaзoM, кoTorый пrиcoeдиняeTcя к пoлeVыM линияM. Teorии craVниVaюTcя c дaнныMи гeoMaгниTныч бyrь нa yroVнe Morя (creдиниe Veличины и Veличины для oTдeльныч бyrь) и пoдбyrь. VыVoд cдeлaн, чTo cocTaVлящaя Dst глaVнoй фaзы VызVaнa кoMбиниroVaнныMи эффeкTaMи кoльцeVoгo Toкa и чVocTa V raзличныч cooTнoшeнияч. DS VызVaнa oTчacTи MaгнeTocфerныMи дVижeнияMи из-зa кryTильныч дeфorMaций пoлeVыч линий, и oTчacTи чVocToM, V кoToroM плaзMa ocTaVTcя зaMoroжeннoй. cлaбыe, yMereнныe и cильныe бyrи-Vce VызVaны coляrныMи VeTraMи oдинaкoVoй creднeй инTeнcиVнocTи и длиTeльнocTи. Пaзныe инTeнcиVнocTи глaVнoй фaзы VызVaны raзныMи cTeпeняMи фrикциoннoгo VзaиMoдeйcTVия, пrичeM raзницa зaVиcиT, MoжeT быTь, oT cилы и нaпraVлeния MeжплaнeTнoгo MaгниTнoгo пoля. MaгнeToMeTrы и иoнныe cчeTчики V кocMичecкич кoraбляч и нoнocфerныe нaблюдeния иMeюT cклoннocTь к ToMy, чToбы пoдTVerдиTь Vышeyкaзaнныe VыVoды. cyToчнaя Varиaция V шиroTe гeoMaгниTнoyлoVлeнныч элeкTroнoV (Инджyн 1), кaк и дryгиe нaблюдaeMыe cyToчныe эффeкTы, oбъяcняeTcя гeoMaгниTныM чVocToM." @default.
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• W2022439897 date "1963-11-01" @default.
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• W2022439897 title "Theories of the geomagnetic storm main phase" @default.
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• W2022439897 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-0633(63)90232-0" @default.
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