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- W2022499191 abstract "It is difficult to imagine how distressing it must be to have a son so sensitive to touch that he recoils whenever he is held. Perhaps it is easier to imagine the disruption if your daughter screamed with rage on leaving the house, unless you took her to the park she visited on her first excursion in a pram. Autism is a puzzling and frightening condition. As the recent furore concerning Andrew Wakefield's research illustrates, it commands the attention of both the public and the medical profession.1 Given this high profile, it is surprising how few professional and lay people could explain what the diagnosis means, and that no‐one has coherently explained its causes.Like epilepsy or cerebral palsy, autism is not a single disease but a name (deriving from the Greek ‘autos’, meaning ‘self’) given to a behavioural phenotype that may have many aetiologies. Kanner first described autism in children in 1943, and coined the term to describe the ‘extreme aloneness’ that he saw as its characteristic.2 Most authorities now agree on three criteria that are required for a diagnosis of autism.Firstly, an inability to engage in reciprocal social interaction. Some have suggested that the autistic child fails to develop a ‘theory of mind’, and cannot imagine what other people may think or feel.3 In any event, they lack empathy. Humans, animals and objects are treated alike. Parents and siblings may be regarded as useful tools that can help the autistic child achieve certain ends, but rarely will they be sought for comfort. The child often becomes solitary, avoids eye contact, and displays little of the interested curiosity and exploratory play seen in normal infants and young children.Secondly, there are communication problems, both …" @default.
- W2022499191 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2022499191 date "2002-05-01" @default.
- W2022499191 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2022499191 title "Autism--what is it and where does it come from?" @default.
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- W2022499191 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/95.5.263" @default.
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