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- W2022508981 abstract "Although cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been grown in the United States since the seventeenth century, it was not until 1912 that commercial rice production was practised in California. At present, approximately one quarter of the total annual U.S. rice crop is produced in the Central Valley of California. Due to the continually flooded conditions that prevail in Californian rice fields, the weed flora is highly specialised and is composed of some 62 species of aquatic vascular plants. The flora is unusual among crop weed floras of California in that it contains a substantial proportion (ca. two thirds) of native species. This is probably a result of the similarity in ecological conditions between rice fields and the original wetland habitats of the Central Valley that they replaced. Seventeen of the 20 alien species in the weed flora are of Old World origin and several (Cyperus difformis L., Dopatrium junceum (Roxb.) Ham., Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., Scirpus mucronatus L., Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) Presl, Oryza rufipogon Griff., Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. and Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne are widely distributed and well-documented weeds associated with rice. It is proposed that the most likely methody by which these aliens have been introduced to California is as seed contaminants of imported rice stocks. The small seed size, annual life form and autogamous breeding systems of the majority of these species probably aid in their dispersal, establishment and colonization of rice fields. A survey of 70 rice fields distributed throughout the rice-growing areas of the state indicated that the annuals Sagittaria montevidensis Cham. and Schlecht. ssp. calycina (Engelm.) Bogin., Ammannia coccinea Rottb., Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst. and taxa in the Echinochloa crus-galli complex are the most abundant and widely distributed rice weeds in California." @default.
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- W2022508981 date "1980-01-01" @default.
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- W2022508981 title "The weed flora of Californian rice fields" @default.
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- W2022508981 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(80)90036-4" @default.
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