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- W2022631788 abstract "The effects of the addition 10−4−10−1M of various anions and cations to i N H2S04 or I M NaOH solutions on oxygen-reduction at pre-anodized and pre-cathodized platinum electrodes were examined by measuring coulombic efficiency for formation of hydrogen peroxide (calculated on the basis of O2+H2O + 2 e → OOH− + OH−) and also by current-potential curves. In I M NaOH, oxygen was reduced to hydrogen peroxide with an efficiency of almost 100% at the pre-anodized electrode. However, in the presence of Ba2+,Sr2+, and Ca2+ in I M NaOH, the efficiency decreased to 10–15% with increasing concentration of the ions. In I N H2S04, oxygen was reduced mainly to water and the coulombic efficiency for hydrogen peroxide formation was only 10–20%, but in the presence of Cl− and Br− ions this efficiency increased to 50–60%. Current-potential curves indicated that overpotential of the oxygen reduction at the platinum electrodes increased in the presence of Ba2+, Sr2+, and Ca2+ ions in I M NaOH, and in the presence of Cl− and Br− ions in I NH2SO4. Catalytic activity of the platinum electrodes for hydrogen peroxide decomposition in I M NaOH and I N H2S04 with and without the addition of the anions and cations was also measured. These results are discussed on the basis of ion-exchange adsorption of cations and anions on. the oxide-covered platinum electrodes. It is concluded that the oxygen reduction on platinum is not one process, but at least two processes including O2+ H2O + 2 e → OOH− +OH− in alkaline solution and O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e → H2O2 in acid solution, and the proportion of hydrogen peroxide formation depends on the surface condition of the electrode, such as presence of oxide film and/or adsorption of anions and cations. Oxide films and/or adsorbed oxygen which exist on the platinum electrodes were summarized and a voltammetric study of a special oxide film formed on an excessively anodized platinum, electrode was described. Overpotential of oxygen evolution on other metals and graphite as well as on Pt in I M NaOH increased by l59̃0 mV when Ba2+, Sr2+, or Ca2+ ions were added to the electrolyte." @default.
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- W2022631788 date "1964-07-01" @default.
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- W2022631788 title "Effects of anions and cations on oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions on platinum electrodes" @default.
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- W2022631788 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(64)80035-8" @default.
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