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- W2022884714 endingPage "1412" @default.
- W2022884714 startingPage "1373" @default.
- W2022884714 abstract "The use of Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is increasing in both clinical and basic science. Clinically, intramuscular injection of nanogram quantities of BoNT is fast becoming the treatment of choice for a spectrum of disorders including movement disorders such as torticollis, blepharospasm, Meige Disease, and hemifacial spasm (Borodic et al., 1991, 1994a; Jankovic and Brin, 1991; Clarke, 1992). Neuroscientists are using BoNTs as tools to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the neurotransmitter release process. Consequently, our ability to accurately and reliably quantify the biologic activity of botulinum toxin has become more important than ever. The accurate measurement of the pharmacologic activity of BoNTs has become somewhat problematic with the most significant problems occurring with the clinical use of the toxins. The biologic activity of BoNTs has been measured using a variety of techniques including assessment of whole animal responses to in vitro effects on neurotransmitter release. The purpose of this review is to examine the approaches employed to characterize, quantify and investigate the actions of the BoNTs and to provide a guide to aid investigators in determining which of these methods is most appropriate for their particular application or use." @default.
- W2022884714 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2022884714 creator A5007317479 @default.
- W2022884714 creator A5039646025 @default.
- W2022884714 creator A5066477003 @default.
- W2022884714 creator A5083971432 @default.
- W2022884714 date "1997-09-01" @default.
- W2022884714 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W2022884714 title "Pharmacologic characterization of Botulinum toxin for basic science and medicine" @default.
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