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• W202312622 abstract "The phytostabilisation of tailings impoundments with native plants has been advocated as a long-termnsustainable storage solution following the closure of a mine. The limited availability of topsoil innmined landscapes leads to directly reconstruct root zone with fertilisers and organic matter (OM)namendments to improve available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and physico-chemical conditionsnin tailings. With the adaptation to low-P environments, candidate native plants may show P sensitivitynto the addition of soluble P supply. The availability of fertiliser-P may become low due to thenprecipitation with metals and metalloids in tailings. To provide basis for P-fertilisation strategy fornthe establishment of native vegetation in tailings, this thesis aimed to investigate the fate of Pfertilisers and P forms in tailings, in relation to their availability to native plant species to benestablished in the tailings under semi-arid subtropical climate. It was hypothesised that (i) OM cannbuffer against rapid mineral fixation of soluble inorganic P (Pi) in tailings by increasing fertiliser-Pndistribution into NaHCO3-P and NaOH-P pools; (ii) with the adaptive root strategies in P uptake fromnP-impoverished soils, candidate native species may access the sparingly soluble mineral-P pools innamended tailings. The systematic fractionation of the P pools in highly mineralised colluvial soil beneath acaciaspinifex communities in Mount Isa region shows that approximately 95% of soil P was bound by Fe,nAl and Ca. The mobilisation of P from the sparingly soluble mineral-P may depend on the rhizospherenprocesses of individual plant species, including microbial activities. The concentrations of organic Pnfractions, total organic C and microbial biomass C were higher in topsoil (0-5 cm) beneath vegetationnstands, compared with bare soil; and the concentrations were significantly higher beneath the standnof grass (C4) species than shrub species (C3).The root P acquisition strategy of native plants might function with the increase in adsorption andnimmobilisation of fertiliser-P by minerals in the tailings. Despite adding OM and P-fertiliser as highnas 300 kg P/ha, H2O-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi did not significantly increase in unweathered and weatherednCu-Pb-Zn-Ag tailings but a significant increase was observed in the unweathered Fe-Cu-Au tailings.nThe addition of OM decreased residual P, resulting an increase in NaHCO3-P and NaOH-P pools innall three tailings. Based on the mineralogical analysis, the formation of insoluble mineral-P in thentailings include Ca-P, Fe-P, Mn-P, hence the P acquisition from these minerals requires advancednroot mechanisms in native plants. Acacia chisholmii and Ptilotus exaltatus could access sparingly soluble Ca3(PO4)2, FePO4 and MnPO4nin a sand medium. A. chisholmii absorbed the highest amount of P from MnPO4, whereas P. exaltatusnshowed no preference. The supply of soluble P as KH2PO4 caused P-toxicity in A. chisholmii, but not for P. exaltatus, which tolerated low to high levels of soluble P supply, without toxicity effects. ShootnP concentrations were 16 and 17 mg P/g dry mass for A. chisholmii and P. exaltatus, respectively;nthese were much higher than the species growing in undisturbed habitats. The average P concentrationnof pore water was similar between the species, ranging from 7-10 mM with Ca3(PO4)2, FePO4 andMnPO4, however the pH of pore water was significantly lower with A. chisholmii, whereas unchangednwith P. exaltatus.The root functions in acquiring P from mineral-P may be compromised by the presence of othernstresses, such as salinity and metal toxicity, when the plants are grown in amended tailings, rathernthan sand medium. The addition of soluble P increased shoot P concentrations without positivengrowth effects on A. chisholmii and Atriplex nummularia grown in weathered and unweathered CuPb-Zn-Ag tailings. Compare to the weathered tailings, the concentrations of Co, Zn, Mn, Na, S andnMg in the pore water extracted from the unweathered tailings were significantly higher; this resultednhigh accumulation of S, Na and Mg in the plant tissue and reduced growth of A. chisholmii. Thengrowth of the halophytic shrub At. nummularia was not affected by high concentrations of metals andnsalts in the root and shoot. In conclusion, the application of high rates of P-fertiliser combined with plant biomass mulch in thenbase metal mine tailings can maintain low-intensity Pi in pore water, which minimises the P toxicitynrisks to native plant species. The precipitation of fertiliser-P with the metals and metalloids in tailingsncan lower the phytotoxicity of metals to native plant species, although this was not examined in thenpresent project. Candidate native species are likely access the mineral-P in tailings using rootnexudation. Further research is recommended to examine the effects of root exudates on P mobilisationnand the dissolution/complexation of metals in amended tailings. With the efficient P uptake ability ofnA. chisholmii, At. nummularia and P. exaltatus, supplementary additions of P-fertiliser after plantnestablishment may be unnecessary for maintaining vegetation on the tailings.n" @default.
• W202312622 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W202312622 creator A5029846570 @default.
• W202312622 date "2015-01-09" @default.
• W202312622 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W202312622 title "Phosphorus distribution in base metal mine tailings and availability for native plants in a semi-arid environment" @default.
• W202312622 doi "https://doi.org/10.14264/uql.2015.80" @default.
• W202312622 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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