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- W2023133105 abstract "The bathyphotometer described is a combination of a light-meter employing a photomultiplier tube and a depthmeter employing a bourdon tube. The spectral sensitivity of the instrument extends approximately from 320 mμ to 650 mμ with a maximum at 480 mμ. Illumination as low as 10−7 μw/cm2 (about 10−12 of full sunlight) and depths as great as 610 m can be read directly on deck. The instrument thus permits the direct investigation of the light factor in the sea at depths and intensities far below those measurable by photovoltaic photometers. Measurements of transparency made in the Florida Current off Miami gave extinction coefficients ranging from ·031 to ·056 for various strata between depths of 20 and 580 m. In the slope water about 200 miles SE of New York extinction coefficients of ·062 to ·072 were obtained for the upper 90 m and of ·032 to ·041 for layers extending to 596 m. These results, together with previous meagre information, indicate a uniform and high transparency for the water between 100 m and 600 m. Measurements made at night in both localities showed that the illumination decreased with depth in the upper layers at about the same rate as during the day. Flashes of light, presumably from luminescent animals, were observed, particularly in the lower strata. At depths greater than 300 m the background light remained about constant or tended to increase. In one instance the general illumination at night at 600 m was about as great as during the day with individual flashes almost one thousand times greater." @default.
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- W2023133105 date "1956-04-01" @default.
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- W2023133105 title "Measurements of illumination at great depths and at night in the Atlantic Ocean by means of a new bathyphotometer" @default.
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- W2023133105 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6313(56)90003-x" @default.
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