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- W2023193081 abstract "After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Compare and contrast magnetic resonance technology with computed tomography and ultrasonography.2. Delineate the primary clinical uses of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, perfusion magnetic resonance, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and diffusion imaging.3. Describe the primary uses of magnetic resonance imaging in congenital and developmental abnormalities, neurovascular disease, trauma, infections, inflammatory processes, and metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders.Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of several neuroimaging technologies used to diagnose fetal and neonatal central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. It can aid in differentiating static from progressive encephalopathies and in diagnosing such conditions as congenital and developmental abnormalities, trauma, neurovascular disease, infections and inflammatory processes, and metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Although it also is helpful in diagnosing neoplastic processes, which are rare but important causes of progressive encephalopathy, these presentations are not considered in this article.MR, which employs magnetic fields and radiowaves, is a less invasive imaging technology than ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and nuclear medicine (NM), but it is more expensive. In contrast to the other modalities, which derive their signals from single parameters, the MR signal is derived exponentially from multiple parameters (eg, T1, T2, proton density, T2*, proton flow, proton relaxation enhancement, chemical shift, and molecular diffusion). MR also employs many more basic imaging techniques than other modalities, including spin echo, inversion recovery, gradient echo, and chemical shift imaging methods.Advancing MR capabilities have improved its sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency, particularly compared with US, CT, and NM. Among these advanced capabilities are the flow-attenuated inversion recovery technique (FLAIR), fat suppression short inversion time-inversion recovery imaging, and magnetization transfer imaging for increased structural resolution. Fast and ultrafast MR imaging techniques (fast spin echo, fast gradient echo, echo planar imaging) have reduced imaging times, improved structural resolution, and provided functional imaging. Specific applications …" @default.
- W2023193081 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2023193081 date "2001-01-01" @default.
- W2023193081 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2023193081 title "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Fetal and Neonatal Central Nervous System" @default.
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- W2023193081 doi "https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.2-1-e12" @default.
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