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- W2023265180 abstract "The recent drama of President Sadat's pilgrimage to Jerusalem, followed in quick succession by his call for a Cairo Conference of all Geneva parties to include the Palestinians and subsequently his open break with four Arab countries and the PLO, has seriously unsettled Washington's efforts to promote an overall Arab-Israeli settlement through a Geneva Conference. It is to be feared that Sadat's initiatives will further fragment the Arab world, lead to a separate Egyptian-Israeli peace agreement, and consequently destabilize the area to the detriment of fundamental US interests. For some thirty years and through seven administrations, American Presidents and their top advisers have agreed that only through a negotiated settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict could the ever-increasing US interests in the Middle East be assured. These interests have clearly involved the security and economic welfare of a Jewish state, to which the US has been committed since 1921, access to oil and the trade and financial ties which have ensued, free air and sea passage through the area, and political stability based on moderate, non-communist governments and minimal Soviet influence and presence. Washington has learned that whenever large-scale hostilities erupt as in 1956, 1967, 1970 and 1973 access to oil and to air and sea transit have been compromised and Soviet influence has increased. The events preceding the 1956 war introduced Soviet arms for the first time; the 1970 War of Attrition brought into Egypt a Soviet air defence system and 20,000 Russians, and the Western world knows the consequences of the 1973 war in so far as fuel supplies were curtailed. Today, American economic dependence on, and ties with the Middle East are far greater than ever before, as are its commitments in the area. About 2025 percent of American oil consumption 4 million barrels per day comes from the Mid-East at a cost of some $20 billion annually. These imports are paid for by providing goods and services, and through investment of $12 billion annually in the US by the oil producers-largely in US Treasury" @default.
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- W2023265180 date "1978-01-01" @default.
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- W2023265180 title "Egypt Breaks the Deadlock" @default.
- W2023265180 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/2536438" @default.
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