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• W2023267904 abstract "Neste trabalho de revisão estabelece-se em primeiro lugar a distinção entre xerostomia simples, sensação de boca seca com marcada diminuição do fluxo salivar em repouso (FSR), e hipossialia, em que há diminuição simultânea do fluxo salivar estimulado (FSE) que ocorre durante as refeições, e somente na qual há lesão dos ácinos glandulares. Frisa-se que entre as causas de xerostomia não se inclui o envelhecimento, mas sim o uso continuado de determinadas medicações, a irradiação terapêutica da cabeça e pescoço e a síndrome de Sjögren. Em seguida, insiste-se na semiologia objectiva a pesquisar pelo estomatologista nos doentes que se queixam de boca seca. Finalmente passam-se em revista as medidas terapêuticas indicadas, quer de natureza geral, suficientes nos casos benignos de xerostomia, quer em casos mais marcados o uso de salivas artificiais. Revêem-se depois os medicamentos causativos de xerostomia, os anticolinérgicos, os antidepressivos tricíclicos, os anti-hipertensores e sobretudo os diuréticos, únicos responsáveis pela baixa do FSE. Nos casos de radiação, o uso de placas protectoras das glândulas, e de citoprotectores como a amifostina durante a irradiação e a pilocarpina depois da mesma. Finalmente na síndrome de Sjögren, recomenda-se o uso reforçado das medidas gerais e nomeadamente os sialogogos selectivos, tais como a pilocarpina e a cevimalina. In this present review the difference is, at first, stressed between simple xerostomia, a sensation of dry mouth with marked decrease of the resting salivary flow (RSF) and hyposalivation, in which there is an additional decrease of the stimulated salivary flow(SSF) that occurs during meals, and which is the only one due to lesions of the glandular secretory acini. It is remarked that the main causes of xerostomia are excessive medication, therapeutic X-rays of head and neck, and the syndrome of Sjögren, with the exclusion of ageing. In addition, the objective signs that should be sought after in patients with chronic dry mouth by the dental practitioner are described. Next, the therapeutic measures to be carried out, either the generic ones in mild cases, or the use of artificial salivas in more severe conditions, are reviewed. Thereafter, mention is made of the drugs causing xerostomia, such as anticholinergic, tricyclic antidepressive, and antihypertensive medications, as well as diuretics, the only ones affecting the SSF. In cases of xerostomia depending on X-rays it is advised to use protective plates for the salivary glands, and the administration of cytoprotective drugs, namely amifostine during the radiation procedures and pilocarpine after them. In the Sjögren syndrome, it is recommended an intensification of the general therapeutic measures, and also the use of selective syalogogues such as pilocarpine and cevimaline." @default.
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• W2023267904 date "2009-07-01" @default.
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• W2023267904 title "Xerostomia. Etiologia e Tratamento" @default.
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• W2023267904 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1646-2890(09)70117-7" @default.
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