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- W2023388710 abstract "Geologic carbon dioxide sequestration, the underground storage of carbon dioxide, will be an essential component of climate change mitigation. Carbonate minerals are a promising form of stable CO2 storage, but their natural formation is slow. Many microbes can influence the precipitation of carbonate minerals; however the mechanisms of such mineralization are largely unknown. Hypothesized mechanisms include metabolic processes altering pH and supersaturation, as well as cell surface properties of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), cell membrane, and protein surface layers (S-layers) that may alter mineral nucleation. This work investigates these mechanisms by allowing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to form in microbial solutions of Escherichia coli (E. coli) or Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Syn. sp. 6803) with varying calcium ion concentrations, via the ammonium carbonate diffusion method. The resulting CaCO3 was imaged with an optical microscope in tandem with fluorescent imaging of the bacteria. Surprisingly, formation of CaCO3 was accelerated in the presence of either species. This rate acceleration also occurred for metabolically inactive bacteria, suggesting metabolic change was not the operating mechanism. Calcium carbonate crystals increased in number as cell density increased. Fluorescent images show that both species of bacteria cluster on the edges and crevices of the crystals, further supporting this idea. Bacterial surface charge was assessed using zeta potential measurements and correlated to biomineralization experiments. From these results, we postulate that the charged bacterial surfaces attract Ca2+ ions, serving as nucleation sites for CaCO3, thereby accelerating crystal formation. These observations provide substantive evidence for a non-specific nucleation mechanism, and stress the importance of microbes, even dead ones, on the rate of formation of carbonate minerals. This work also indicates that additional microbial engineering could optimize these interactions and be used to implement the sequestration of CO2 as stable mineral carbonates on an accelerated timescale. http://foundry.lbl.gov/afgroup/index.html" @default.
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- W2023388710 date "2011-02-01" @default.
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- W2023388710 title "Bacterially Acceleration of Caco3 Mineralization" @default.
- W2023388710 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.2857" @default.
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