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• W2023589213 abstract "“You keep moving but you end up in the same place” says a wiry youth, disappearing out of camera shot as he wends his way through the labyrinth of narrow alleys that stitch together the Burj el-Barajneh refugee camp in the southern suburbs of Beirut, Lebanon. His name is Omar Ghannoum, and his tour through the camp is the main thread in Philip Bajjaly's immaculate short film Someone Like Me. As he picks his way past lethal-looking thickets of tangled cables and under precariously balanced water tanks, Omar's words capture not just the challenge of navigating through the camp's chaotic maze, but the predicament of the camp's inhabitants, and the strange limbo in which they exist. As Palestinian refugees in Lebanon they have few rights in their host country, and no immediate prospect of returning to the former homes: they are trapped without a state and with nowhere to go. But for Omar, and many of his friends, there is always hope. Burj el-Barajneh stretches the definition of refugee camp to breaking point. Established in 1949 to shelter about 4000 of the many Palestinians who sought refuge from the 1948 Arab–Israeli war and the upheaval that followed the creation of the state of Israel, the 1 km2 camp is now home to at least 25 000 cramped residents; most of whom, like Omar, were born there. Around half of Lebanon's estimated 400 000-strong Palestinian population live in one of 12 similar camps scattered throughout the country. The Lebanese state imposes onerous restrictions on almost every aspect of life. Most jobs are off limits. Property ownership is banned, and with no room to expand camp boundaries the only way to build is up, creating a warren of claustrophobic, damp chambers. Privacy is an unimaginable luxury. Education and basic health care are provided by the willing but chronically underfunded United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), and without the prospect of any work as a reward for their learning many young people drop out of education by the time they are 15. There can be few tougher places in the world in which to grow up. “Because of the small space in the camp, the high stress, and school drop outs at a low stage, there are a lot of problems for the youth in the camp” affirms Omar. His strong and clear voice making itself heard down the fuzzy line from his family's room in the camp when The Lancet caught up with him in April. “People are living under pressure, some are pessimistic all the time; there are big problems with alcohol here in the camp, most of the population are smokers, and a lot of the youth here are addicted to hashish or marijuana.” If it's a bleak picture, it's also one that Omar, who is only just into his 20s himself, and many others like him are determined to change. Back in 2008, Omar and 22 other people aged 17–23 years from the Burj camp were recruited to work as youth mentors to help deliver a project called Qaderoon, or “we are capable”, with the aim of promoting positive mental health by building social skills. The intervention consisted of 45 sessions with 150 11–13 year-olds, 15 sessions with parents, and six workshops with teachers. “The intent of including youth mentors was primarily for the sustainability of the intervention”, explains Rima Afifi, from the Department of Health Promotion and Community Health at the American University of Beirut, who helped lead the project. But the youth mentors also proved to be invaluable as a liaison between the research team and the children, and Omar quickly stood out as one of the leaders in the group. Since then, Omar has been an irresistible force for change, organising and coordinating projects to help build self-esteem and conflict resolution with virtually no support, often convening workshops in his family's living room because there are no dedicated spaces inside the camp. “Omar will make a difference in his community, no doubt. He is committed, a critical thinker, and a doer”, says Afifi, and listening to him talk about his projects and plans for the future it is not just his enthusiasm that shines through, but also a pragmatism born of hard-won experience. As well as working closely with young people, he recognises the crucial role that parents play, so there's a strong emphasis placed on getting parents to “encourage their sons and daughters to continue their education, not to find a job, but at least to help them think in a different way”, he says. “If he and the other youth mentors who worked with us had the opportunities afforded to other young people who live free, there would be no stopping them as agents of change”, Afifi says of her young team from the Qaderoon project. But even under the oppressive conditions of camp life Omar seems irrepressible. He and many of the youth mentors involved in the project defied the odds and went on to a University education, and now they are adamant that they should be joined by many more of their brothers and sisters from the next generation. Now in his final year of studying business administration, Omar is hoping to use his new skills to set up his own organisation within the camp, and make workshops available all year round instead of only in the summer. “I'm always optimistic that conditions can improve here”, he says. “Maybe this year I can change two kids, and next year I can change three kids, and they can help their friends.” It is that “positive energy, strength, commitment, and passion”, says Afifi, that “gives young people the power to change the world”. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VzB8GcndBEg, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A71H4zXR6MY&feature=relmfu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VzB8GcndBEg, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A71H4zXR6MY&feature=relmfu" @default.
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• W2023589213 date "2012-04-01" @default.
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• W2023589213 title "Omar Ghannoum: an irresistible force for change" @default.
• W2023589213 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60665-5" @default.
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