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- W2023596218 abstract "A hot alkaline extraction method (SW-846 Method 3060A) for total Cr(VI) in soils and sediments has been developed that selectively solubilizes Cr(VI). This paper compares the effectiveness of this extraction method versus four others to solubilize sparingly soluble PbCrO4 spiked into four diverse soil materials. The five extractants were distilled water (pH 5.7); phosphate buffer (5 mM K2HPO4/5 mM KH2PO4; pH 7.0); carbonate/hydroxide solution (0.28 M Na2CO3/0.5 M NaOH; pH 11.8) with and without heating; and hydroxide solution (0.1 M NaOH; pH 13) with sonication. The hot carbonate/hydroxide solution was superior to the other methods in extracting >90% of the spiked PbCrO4 from a redox-inert quartz sand, chromite ore processing residue (COPR)-enriched soil, and a loamy-textured soil (Ultic Hapludalf). Distilled water and phosphate buffer extracted no Cr(VI) spike from these soils, as expected due to the low Ksp of PbCrO4 (1.8 × 10-14). Although it was hypothesized that PbCrO4 would be reduced and not recovered from the anoxic sediment, variable Cr(VI) spike recoveries were observed, and the unheated alkaline extractant recovered more than the heated one. The Cr(VI), Eh, and pH results for anoxic sediment/quartz sand mixtures showed that the heating step is crucial to accelerate and completely dissolve PbCrO4, but heating also liberated reducing agents (e.g., sulfides) from the sediment that partially reduced the spiked PbCrO4. Spike recoveries from anoxic sediment/quartz sand mixtures with a range of Eh and pH values demonstrated that pH and Eh measurements, combined with MINTEQA2 thermodynamic predictions of PbCrO4 reduc tion to Cr2O3 and Pb(OH)2, can be used to predict a soil or sediment sample's redox status and aid in the interpretation of Cr(VI) spike recovery data." @default.
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- W2023596218 date "1997-01-30" @default.
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- W2023596218 title "Extraction of Sparingly Soluble Chromate from Soils: Evaluation of Methods and <i>E</i><sub>h</sub>−pH Effects" @default.
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- W2023596218 doi "https://doi.org/10.1021/es960202o" @default.
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