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• W2023641319 abstract "SummaryGround counts, some of which were followed by aerial counts, were made of the six major species of large mammals on Mweya Peninsula, Rwenzori National Park, Uganda at approximately weekly intervals between 1968 and 1973. During this period, the number of hippopotamus increased from 5.4 to 25.3 per km2. There was a significant drop in buffalo numbers due to the breakup of a large herd as well as a significant decline in elephant numbers. There was a great reduction in the number of solitary male waterbuck, suggesting a change in the social behaviour. The rise in hippopotamus numbers is a local phenomenon due to recolonization of an area previously cleared of the species and is not reflected in the hippopotamus population of the park as a whole. Comparison with earlier counts made since 1956 show that the greatest values for the biomass and energy consumption of the large mammal community were reached in 1973 but in numbers, the peak occurred in 1968. By the end of the study, the composition of the community was reverting to the position found in 1956 with a preponderance of hippopotamus after a more balanced distribution between the species had been reached in 1968. Comparisons showed that there was little difference between ground counts made by different observers but there was evidence of significant observer bias in the aerial counts. There were also some significant differences between aerial and ground counts made on the same day. Trees marked on the Peninsula showed a mortality of 5.7% per annum between 1971 and 1976 mainly as a result of elephant damage. A quantitative assessment showed the loss of one tree per km2 after an elephant usage equivalent to 52.6 elephants per day. There was extensive regeneration of trees with a density of 11,058 saplings per km2 of which only 2.8 per annum need to survive to maturity to maintain the present population.ResumeDes recensements au sol, parfois suivis de comptages aeriens, des six especes prin-cipales de grands mammiferes furent menes sur la Peninsule de Mweya, au Rwenzori National Park, a intervalles d'environ une semaine entre 1968 et 1973. Durant cette#periode, le nombre d'hippopotames a sugmente de 5.4 a 25.3 ind./km2. II y eut un declin significatif du nombre de buffles dua la scission d'un grand troupeau, ainsi qu'une diminution significative du nombre d'elephants. II y eut une reduction import-ante du nombre de mâles solitaires chez le waterbuck, ce qui suggere un changement de comportement social. L'augmentation des nombres d'hippopotames est un pheno-mane local di a la recolonisation d'une zone ou I'espbce fut eliminee auparavant et ne reflete pas les populations d'hippopotames de I'entierete du parc. La comparaison avec les recensements precedents menes depuis 1956 montrent que les valeurs les plus elevees de biomasse et de consommation d'energie de la communaute des grands mammiferes furent atteintes en 1973, mais, en nombre d'individus, le maximum est situe en 1968. A la fin de I'etude, la composition de la communauteevoluait vers la situation observee en 1956 avec une preponderance d'hippopotames, apres un passage en 1968 par une distribution entre les especes plus equilibree. Les comparaisons montrent qu'il y a peu de differences entre les recensements au sol menes par differents observateurs mais qu'il existe un biais significatif evident selon I'observateur dans les comptages aeriens. II en existe egalement entre les comptages au sol et aeriens faits le meme jour. Le marquage d'arbres dans la Peninsule a montre une mortalite de 5.7% par an entre 1971 et 1976 principalement due aux dommages causes par les eIephants. Une evaluation quantitative montre que la perte d'un arbre au km2 due aux degats d'elephants correspond a une population de 52.6 animaux par jour a cet endroit. II y a une regeneration intensive des arbres avec une densite de 11058 echantil-Ions au km2 dont seulement 2.8/an doivent survivre jusqu'a maturite pour maintenir la presente population." @default.
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• W2023641319 date "1980-03-01" @default.
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• W2023641319 title "A quantitative assessment of range usage by large African mammals with particular reference to the effects of elephants on trees" @default.
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• W2023641319 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1980.tb00270.x" @default.
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