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- W2023821001 abstract "An N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), namely, 1,3-bis-(diisopropyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (1), was demonstrated to bring about the metal-free ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide at 50 degrees C in dimethyl sulfoxide, in absence of any other reagents. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) of polydispersities <1.2 and molar masses perfectly matching the [monomer]/[(1)] ratio could thus be obtained in quantitative yields, attesting to the controlled/living character of such carbene-initiated polymerizations. It is argued that (1) adds to ethylene oxide to form a zwitterionic species, namely 1,3-bis-(diisopropyl)imidazol-2-ylidinium alkoxide, that further propagates by a zwitterionic ring-opening polymerization (ZROP) mechanism. Through an appropriate choice of terminating agent NuH or NuSiMe(3) at the completion of the polymerization, a variety of end-functionalized PEO chains could be generated. In particular, alpha,omega-bis(hydroxy)-telechelic PEO, alpha-benzyl,omega-hydroxy, and alpha-azido,omega-hydroxy-difunctionalized PEOs were synthesized by NHC (1)-initiated ZROP, using H(2)O, PhCH(2)OH, and N(3)SiMe(3) as terminating agent, respectively. Characterization of these alpha,omega-difunctionalized PEOs by techniques such as (1)H NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF spectrometry, and size exclusion chromatography confirmed the quantitative introduction of functional groups at both alpha and omega positions of the PEO chains and the formation of very narrow molar mass polymers. Finally, the synthesis of a poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) diblock copolymer by sequential ZROP of the corresponding monomers was successfully achieved using (1) as organic initiator without isolation of the PEO block intermediate." @default.
- W2023821001 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2023821001 creator A5002413535 @default.
- W2023821001 creator A5006266912 @default.
- W2023821001 creator A5013580225 @default.
- W2023821001 creator A5057727876 @default.
- W2023821001 date "2009-02-11" @default.
- W2023821001 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2023821001 title "N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Induced Zwitterionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide and Direct Synthesis of α,ω-Difunctionalized Poly(ethylene oxide)s and Poly(ethylene oxide)-<i>b</i>-poly(ε-caprolactone) Block Copolymers" @default.
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- W2023821001 doi "https://doi.org/10.1021/ja809246f" @default.
- W2023821001 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19209910" @default.
- W2023821001 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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