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- W2023862009 abstract "Abstract Casing failure has been found in nearly 20% of production wells in the Daqing Oilfield after 45 years of oil production history. Plastic failure of casing strings has been recognized in the zones of yielding shales overlaying reservoir pay zones in the field. This type of casing failure is one of the most costly problems in the field. No research has been done to study the resistance of casing string against the lateral loads from the yielding shales. This paper fills the gap. Assuming a lateral load uniformly distributed along a casing section from a clay zone clamped between an upper and a lower sandstone zone, a mechanistic model was developed in this study. Results of the model indicate that the resistance of casing string to the lateral loads drops sharply in the early stage of development of radial deformation. The resistance of casing string to the lateral loads is not very sensitive to the longitudinal deformation. The remaining strength of casing string also depends on properties of the casing string. A calculation example is illustrated in this paper. This work provides an analytical tool that can be used for optimizing casing programs against lateral loads from yielding clay zones to minimize casing failure and field operation cost. Introduction Daqing Oilfield is located in the central region of the Songliao Basin in the Northeastern China. It was discovered in 1959 and is stilled considered to be China's largest oil field. Vertically it consists of over 140 fresh-water-bearing oil zones at depth from 2,000 ft to 4,000 ft. Water flooding was initiated in 1961 for reservoir pressure maintenance. The water injection pressure gradient once reached peak values of greater than the overburden pressure gradient in some areas in late 1980's. The high-pressure water injection introduced water to faults and the overlaying shales, which is believed to be responsible for casing damage and failure in the oil field. By the end of 2002, totally 47,104 wells had been put into oil production and water injection, among which 9,115 wells were found to have casing damage problems. The damaged wells accounted for 17.33 % of the total number of wells. The casing damage was found to be in forms of deformation against the water-sensitive shales and shear failure near faults. Field studies indicate that a large portion of deformed casing in the field can be attributed to the lateral load from shale formations. Evidences have been found to support the following theory of casing damage in the field: The injected fresh water goes up along the channels in the cement columns and reaches overlaying shales which are sensitive to fresh water. The shales swells, yields, and creeps near the wellbore causing lateral force acting on the casing. Also the injected water lubricates fault face, which accelerates the relative movement of formation rocks separated by the fault face. This movement induces lateral force acting on casing. Currently, the radial deformation of casing can be measured in the field, but the side load (q) from formation cannot be quantatified.1 No research has been done to study the resistance of casing string against the lateral loads from the yielding shales and creeping formation. This paper fills the gap. Assuming a lateral load from a section of formation uniformly distributed along a casing section, a mechanistic model has been developed in this study. Results of the model indicate that the resistance of casing string to the lateral loads drops sharply in the early stage of development of radial deformation. The resistance of casing string to the lateral loads is not very sensitive to the longitudinal growth of deformation. The remaining strength of casing string also depends on properties of the casing string. An application example is illustrated in this paper. This work provides an analytical tool that can be used for optimizing casing programs against lateral loads from yielding formations to minimize casing failure and field operation cost." @default.
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- W2023862009 date "2007-02-20" @default.
- W2023862009 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2023862009 title "Casing Collapse Strenth Reduction under Lateral Loads from Yielding Shales in the Daqing Oilfield" @default.
- W2023862009 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/104471-ms" @default.
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