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• W2023956788 endingPage "670" @default.
• W2023956788 startingPage "655" @default.
• W2023956788 abstract "1. Information on the structure and evolution of tubulin has been obtained by comparing the available sequence data on 31 α-tubulins and 31 β-tubulins. 2. Similar numbers of conserved amino acids are found amongst both α- and β-tubulins (α: 48%, plus conservative substitutions: 72%; β: 48%, plus conservative substitutions: 70%). About half of them are common to both subunits (23%, plus conservative substitutions: 45%). Four cysteines in the α-tubulins and 2 cysteines in the β-tubulins are conserved. Only one cysteine (position 129) is conserved in all α- and β-tubulins. 3. The longest unbroken stretch of identical amino acids between all the α- and β-tubulins is found in positions 180–186 (Val-Val-Glu-Pro-Tyr-Asn), a region that appears to be important for binding the ribose moiety of GTP. Two other groups of amino acids implicated in GTP binding, one near position 70 and a glycine cluster at position 144 are also quite conserved. 4. Extra length differences between tubulin subunits, presumably present as extensions on the dimer surface, have been observed at position 50 and near position 360 in α-tubulins and in one case at position 57 in a β-tubulin. 5. The introns of tubulin genes, many of them clustered in the first quarter of the tubulin coding region, do not appear to correspond to any particular structural or functional regions. 6. Mutation rates of tubulins vary considerably. The lowest α-tubulin homology (62.3%) is between a very divergent Drosophila α-tubulin and an α-tubulin from the yeast S. cerevisiae. The lowest β-tubulin homology (63.3%) is between a yeast (S. cerevisiae) β-tubulin and a mouse β-tubulin expressed in hematopoietic tissue. In contrast, some mammalian and bird tubulins are almost identical. 7. Tubulin's heterogeneous C-termini are useful for identifying corresponding tubulins of different vertebrate species, many of which are remarkably conserved. Exceptions are the divergent β-tubulins of erythrocyte and thrombocyte marginal bands. 8. We have proposed a model for tubulin evolution in metazoan organisms in which the release of structural constraints after gene duplication is a major cause of relatively rapid change." @default.
• W2023956788 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2023956788 creator A5045249468 @default.
• W2023956788 creator A5087101019 @default.
• W2023956788 date "1988-01-01" @default.
• W2023956788 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2023956788 title "Comparative analysis of tubulin sequences" @default.
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• W2023956788 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(88)90320-3" @default.
• W2023956788 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3073909" @default.
• W2023956788 hasPublicationYear "1988" @default.
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