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• W2024012310 abstract "Hand pointing of objects under visual guidance is one of the most common motor behaviour in everyday life. In natural conditions gaze and arm movements are commonly aimed at the same target and the accuracy of both systems is considerably enhanced if eye and hand move together. Evidence supports the viewpoint that gaze and limb control systems are not independent, but share at least partially a common neural controller. The present study was aimed at verifying whether a saccade execution induces excitability changes in the upper-limb corticospinal system (CSS), even in the absence of a manual response, demonstrating the existence of a common drive to ocular and arm motor systems during fast aiming movements. Nineteen right-handed healthy subjects (mean age 20.7 years, range: 20-23) were tested. By applying a single-pulse TMS to the left motor cortex during a saccadic eye movement task, we recorded motor evoked potentials (MEPs) induced in hand and wrist muscles of the contralateral relaxed arm (first dorsal interosseous, abductor digiti minimi, extensor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris). Subjects had to made visually-guided saccades to one of 6 positions along the horizontal meridian (±5°, ±10° or ±15°). During each trial, TMS was randomly delivered at one of 3 different time delays: shortly after the end of the saccade, 300 ms, or 540 ms after saccade onset. Results demonstrate that a fast eye movement toward a peripheral target is linked to changes in the CSS excitability of the relaxed upper-limb, as estimated by the amplitude of the recorded MEPs. MEP amplitude increases immediately after the saccade onset and gradually decreases at longer TMS delays. Moreover, on top of the decrease in the overall CSS excitability, MEP amplitudes are modulated in a highly specific manner in the different muscles, depending on the target position of the visually-guided saccade and on the timing of TMS stimulation. By applying a simple model of a manual aiming movement, it is possible to demonstrate that the experimentally observed changes in CSS excitability are in principle compatible with the facilitation of an arm motor program, whose goal is to direct the hand toward the same target of the gaze movement. Our data provide strong evidence in favour of the existence of a common drive to both eye and limb motor systems. Making a visually-guided saccade entails a motor plan also for a covert hand movement, aiming at the same target of gaze." @default.
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• W2024012310 date "2008-07-01" @default.
• W2024012310 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2024012310 title "Oculo-manual coupling during visually-guided saccades: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study" @default.
• W2024012310 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.054" @default.
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