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- W2024133933 abstract "Understanding the factors that determine the continued survival of small populations is a central problem in conservation biology. The Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus) naturally occurs in small, isolated populations throughout much of the American Southwest. In spite of this distributional pattern, the species is neither rare nor endangered. Thus it appears to have successfully solved the problems to the problems of habitat fragmentation. We used data from a 10-yr field study and simulation models to examine the effects of environmental stochasticity on population survival times. All simulated woodpecker populations went extinct within 49 yr, and the median survival time was only 16 yr. However, when immigration was allowed, persistence times greatly increased; with an immigrant rate of only five individuals per year, most populations lasted >1000 yr. The results of this and other analyses suggest that this population persists only because it is part of a larger metapopulation, and because it is regularly rescued from extinction by immigration from other, independently varying, populations. This finding has important implications for the development of management strategies designed to preserve small populations that are faced with fragmented distributional patterns and high levels of environmental variation." @default.
- W2024133933 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2024133933 creator A5021356456 @default.
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- W2024133933 date "1992-02-01" @default.
- W2024133933 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W2024133933 title "Environmental Variation and the Persistence of Small Populations" @default.
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- W2024133933 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1941886" @default.
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