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• W2024691464 abstract "This work evaluates the role of institutions and other control variables on per capita income and growth models for a set of almost one hundred countries, using cross-section and dynamic panel data analysis to answer two questions. Institutions have a primary role on explaining huge cross-country differences on per capita income levels when compared to other control variables such as trade integration and geography? Does long-run growth performance relies mainly on institutional quality? The 2SLS and OGMM results for per capita income levels models suggest that there are some evidence regarding the role of institutions since all the estimated coefficients are positive and statistically significant but the instruments are not valid. Trade integration and geography do not seem to play a direct and significant role on explaining differences in per capita income levels. On the other hand, the results from the growth models suggest that there is scarce evidence for the role of institutions in fostering economic growth and the System-GMM is the one that is more likely to capture such role. In one word, there is no indication of an empirical consensus to claim that institutions have a primary role on growth and income models, but after all, the institutional environment seems to matter. Key-Words: Per Capita Income Levels and Growth Models; Institutions; Cross-Section and Panel Data Analysis. JEL Codes: C33, O47, O43 Resumo O trabalho avalia o papel das instituicoes e outras variaveis de controle em modelos de renda per capita e de crescimento para um conjunto de quase cem paises atraves de analises de painel e corte transversal para responder duas questoes. Instituicoes tem um papel primordial na explicacao das grandes diferencas nos niveis de renda per capita entre paises quando comparado com variaveis tais como integracao comercial e geografia? O desempenho em termos de crescimento de longo prazo depende de maneira crucial da qualidade institucional? Os resultados das estimacoes por 2SLS e OGMM para os modelos de renda per capita sugerem que ha alguma evidencia quanto ao papel das instituicoes dado que todos os coeficientes estimados sao positivos e estatisticamente significativos, mas os instrumentos nao sao validos. Integracao comercial e geografia nao tem um papel direto e significativo na explicacao das diferencas de niveis de renda per capita. Por outro lado, os resultados dos modelos de crescimento sugerem evidencias menos robustas para o papel das instituicoes em estimular o crescimento economico sendo que as estimacoes por System GMM foram aquelas em que este papel e mais facilmente encontrado. Sumarizando, pode se argumentar que nao ha indicacao de um consenso empirico a favor do argumento de que instituicoes tem um papel primordial nos modelos de crescimento e de renda per capita, porem, o ambiente institucional parece ser relevante. Palavras-Chave: Modelos de Crescimento e Nivel de Renda per Capita; Instituicoes: Analise de Painel e Corte Transversal Codigos JEL: C33, O47, O43" @default.
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• W2024691464 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W2024691464 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
• W2024691464 title "Is There a Primary Roleof Institutions on Explaining Cross Country Differences in IncomeLevels and Long-Run Economic Growth?" @default.
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