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- W2024791379 endingPage "e0124328" @default.
- W2024791379 startingPage "e0124328" @default.
- W2024791379 abstract "In 1819, Johann Purkinje described how a moving light source that displaces the shadow of the retinal blood vessels to adjacent cones can produce the entopic percept of a branching tree. Here, we describe a novel method for producing a similar percept. We used a device that mixes 56 narrowband primaries under computer control, in conjunction with the method of silent substitution, to present observers with a spectral modulation that selectively targeted penumbral cones in the shadow of the retinal blood vessels. Such a modulation elicits a clear Purkinje-tree percept. We show that the percept is specific to penumbral L and M cone stimulation and is not produced by selective penumbral S cone stimulation. The Purkinje-tree percept was strongest at 16 Hz and fell off at lower (8 Hz) and higher (32 Hz) temporal frequencies. Selective stimulation of open-field cones that are not in shadow, with penumbral cones silenced, also produced the percept, but it was not seen when penumbral and open-field cones were modulated together. This indicates the need for spatial contrast between penumbral and open-field cones to create the Purkinje-tree percept. Our observation provides a new means for studying the response of retinally stabilized images and demonstrates that penumbral cones can support spatial vision. Further, the result illustrates a way in which silent substitution techniques can fail to be silent. We show that inadvertent penumbral cone stimulation can accompany melanopsin-directed modulations that are designed only to silence open-field cones. This in turn can result in visual responses that might be mistaken as melanopsin-driven." @default.
- W2024791379 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2024791379 creator A5028056485 @default.
- W2024791379 creator A5028474518 @default.
- W2024791379 creator A5059556372 @default.
- W2024791379 date "2015-04-21" @default.
- W2024791379 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2024791379 title "Selective Stimulation of Penumbral Cones Reveals Perception in the Shadow of Retinal Blood Vessels" @default.
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- W2024791379 doi "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124328" @default.