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- W202493259 abstract "Republic France expelled from its educational curriculum; until then, that is, the imitation of a given writerly style, was in many ways at the very core of French educational practice. Most classroom exercises at the time consisted of producing texts written in a given style what was said in those texts was less important than how it was said, and than imitating good style. It was during the transition away from this pastiche-based model that Marcel Proust attended school in France, and Proust's A la recherche du temps perdu refers disparagingly to this sort of education based on pastiche. I would argue that the Recherche goes even further than a casual reference to the educational system of the time, and narrates the transition away from a system based on and toward a model based on textual analysis and literary history. A close analysis of what I will call the scene in A l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs, in which one of the jeunes filles, Andree, criticizes the school examination of another, Gisele, will bring to light this narration of pedagogical history, and show that the Recherche also enacts the proper place for within the literary field. To do this, I will, moreover, reexamine Jules Ferry's 1880 education reforms in light of classroom exercises employed, in order to delineate the role that played in education at the time. For the purposes of this study, I define as instance in which a cultural production imitates the style of another cultural production. I would note that this definition leaves open the question of conscious or unconscious and of satirical intent or lack thereof depending on the instance can be conscious or unconscious, satirical or blank or empty (to use postmodern terms), and it is most often more relevant to examine how functions in a given context rather than to posit the inherent qualities of the practice. My definition also excludes the sort of that imitates not one but several styles. Ingerborg Hoesterey's impressive work Pastiche: Cultural Memory in Art, Film, Literature focuses on just this sort of medley or hodgepodge and on the related idea of pastiche structuration, especially in the visual arts. She also establishes, in a highly readable account, the etymological and discursive origins of the word pastiche, to which I would refer the curious reader. ' I would lastly note that is not so much a genre in and of itself, though collections of pastiches can and have been made, but rather more a moment like Todorov's fantastic, able to come forth for a time in a variety of contexts. Two pastiches of scholastic exercises are set into the text of A l 'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs: one ofthose exercises looks like, and copies the stylistics of, the letter exercise, which belongs to an older tradition of education concerned with rhetoric and style; the other exercise looks more like a dissertation, an exercise belonging to a newer tradition of learning that emphasizes literary history and criticism, but not style. For now, I will set aside the fact that the school compositions are themselves pastiches, and instead explore the implications of juxtaposing within a literary text (the Recherche) two school exercises the letter, the dissertation respectively belonging to two different pedagogical systems.2 Those acquainted with current French pedagogy will find Andree's composition, essentially a dissertation, quite familiar, as Andree, following an outline, provides an evaluation of" @default.
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- W202493259 date "2016-01-01" @default.
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- W202493259 title "Pastiche Expelled: A Proustian Guide to French Pedagogy" @default.
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