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- W2024951924 abstract "Reviewed by: Evangelical Balance Sheet: Character, Family, and Business in Mid-Victorian Nova Scotia David A. Sutherland Evangelical Balance Sheet: Character, Family, and Business in Mid-Victorian Nova Scotia. B. Anne Wood. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2006. Pp 260, illus., $60.00 cloth Norman Rudolf (1835–86) would be largely unknown today but for the diary he kept from 1862 until the day of his death. Drawing upon that document as her core source of information, and then placing it into the context of the extensive body of secondary literature dealing with middle-class family formation in the nineteenth century, Anne Wood has written what she describes as 'a case study in the exploration of the Victorian ideal of character' (xxix). Several players appear in the story, but central stage is occupied by Norman, who at age eighteen moved from Lunenburg to Pictou, in Nova Scotia, in search of self-fulfillment. Endowed with advantages in terms of education and family background, he soon forged [End Page 650] connections through business and marriage with Pictou's decision-making elite. By the late 1860s, Rudolf ranked as a junior partner in a leading merchant firm, had become a homeowner and head of a growing household, and was a rising figure in community organizations such as the Anglican church, the Masonic Order, the Sons of Temperance, the YMCA, the Bible Society, and Pictou's volunteer militia. Success, however, had come at a price. Norman's hostility to drink made him enemies, including some among his peers, who regarded liquor as an essential component of manly culture. When Rudolf sought to integrate with that same manly culture through militia service, his senior business partner, in alliance with his wife, forced Norman to withdraw, arguing that the army competed with them for time, money, and affection. Perhaps worst of all, Rudolf faced the chronic anxiety of knowing that his business prospects grew ever more precarious as the firm he was in moved toward the moment when the sons would succeed their father, and likely leave Rudolf in isolation. Wood, proceeding by way of thematic chapters, argues that the 1860s were a time of maturing for Rudolf. She maintains that, above all, Norman's Christian evangelical faith gave him the inner strength to cope with challenges and to chart a course for the future. His key decision was made in 1870, when Rudolf opted to leave Pictou for a series of partnerships in the United Kingdom with in-laws. What then happened, as Wood tells in a brief concluding chapter, proved unfortunate. Hard times and the costs of educating six surviving children subjected Rudolf to endless stress. He died, prematurely, at age fifty-one, consoled mainly by the knowledge that his offspring had embraced his strong evangelical moral values. There are features of Rudolf's life that go unexplored in this study. In large measure the problem is the reticence of the diary. For example, Norman has little to say about his wife Cassie, apart from her ability to bear him children. The central political issue of the late 1860s, Confederation, is mentioned only in passing. Rudolf supported colonial union, but did not use his journal to explain why he took that position. As for Wood's historiographic contextualization, while extensive, it does not include reference to Ian McKay's 'liberal order framework,' which might have added to our understanding of Rudolf's likes and dislikes. On the other hand, this study does remind us of the need to factor religion into the dynamics of middle-class formation in Victorian Canada. [End Page 651] David A. Sutherland Dalhousie University Copyright © 2007 University of Toronto Press" @default.
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- W2024951924 date "2007-01-01" @default.
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- W2024951924 title "Evangelical Balance Sheet: Character, Family, and Business in Mid-Victorian Nova Scotia (review)" @default.
- W2024951924 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/can.2008.0002" @default.
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