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• W2024991519 abstract "American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. Abstract We have used the Helgeson-Herrick geochemical code to predict which minerals will precipitate from Salton Sea Geothermal Field precipitate from Salton Sea Geothermal Field brines. The code's predictions of sulfide-amorphous silica precipitation from the Magmamax No. 1 brine are in good agreement with field tests of scaling, although the observed silicate scale matrix is in amorphous form, rather than the numerous crystalline forms predicted by the code. The code's predictions predicted by the code. The code's predictions of scale precipitation from wells with different brine compositions are also in good agreement with field tests. The code appears to be a useful screening tool, despite reservations about the use of purely thermodynamic predictions in systems with important kinetic predictions in systems with important kinetic constraints. Introduction A major goal of the LLL geothermal project is to develop a total flow concept for converting to electric power the thermal energy of high-temperature, high-salinity brines-found in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field (SSGF). LLL's approach to the total flow process calls for passing the entire wellhead product through stationary, specially designed nozzles to form high-velocity jets. These jets then turn an axial-flow impulse turbine that generates electricity. Unfortunately, as the high salinity brines cool and flash (i.e., are made to do work), large quantities of sulfides and silicates precipitate, producing a ubiquitous scale on precipitate, producing a ubiquitous scale on pipes, nozzles, and turbine blades. pipes, nozzles, and turbine blades. The brines are complicated by both the large number of species present and by the complexity of the chemical reactions occurring. Table 1 presents representative analyses of brines from the Sinclair No. 4 and Magmamax No. 1 wells. The brine solutions are very concentrated (4–5 molal, ionic strength 5–6), containing mostly NaCl. There are also significant amounts of Ca+2 and K+, as well as H4,SiO Fe+2, Cu+2, Pb+2, Mn+2, M9712, S-2, CO2, and H2S. Clearly, the precipitation of silica and metal sulfide scale is of special interest because of the scale's harmful effect on plant materials and its unbalancing effect on the turbine. Precipitation equilibria can be studied by thermodynamic equilibrium calculations (both those done by hand and by computer code) and by experiment." @default.
• W2024991519 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2024991519 date "1977-06-27" @default.
• W2024991519 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2024991519 title "Geochemical Equilibrium Codes: A Means of Modelling Precipitation Phenomena in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field" @default.
• W2024991519 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/6604-ms" @default.
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