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- W2025005910 endingPage "689" @default.
- W2025005910 startingPage "677" @default.
- W2025005910 abstract "The revised ‘expanded’ neurovascular unit (eNVU) is a physiological and functional unit encompassing endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, astrocytes and neurons. Ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury are acute brain injuries directly affecting the eNVU with secondary damage, such as blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, edema formation and hypoperfusion. BBB dysfunctions are observed at an early postinjury time point, and are associated with eNVU activation of proteases, such as tissue plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinases. BBB opening is accompanied by edema formation using astrocytic AQP4 as a key protein regulating water movement. Finally, nitric oxide dysfunction plays a dual role in association with BBB injury and dysregulation of cerebral blood flow. These mechanisms are discussed including all targets of eNVU encompassing endothelium, glial cells and neurons, as well as larger blood vessels with smooth muscle. In fact, the feeding blood vessels should also be considered to treat stroke and traumatic brain injury. This review underlines the importance of the eNVU in drug development aimed at improving clinical outcome after stroke and traumatic brain injury." @default.
- W2025005910 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2025005910 creator A5001947070 @default.
- W2025005910 creator A5052687230 @default.
- W2025005910 date "2013-11-01" @default.
- W2025005910 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2025005910 title "Molecular contributions to neurovascular unit dysfunctions after brain injuries: lessons for target-specific drug development" @default.
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