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- W2025143946 abstract "Abstract Human polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (hPNKP) is a 57.1-kDa enzyme that phosphorylates DNA 5′-termini and dephosphorylates DNA 3′-termini. hPNKP is involved in both single- and double-strand break repair, and cells depleted of hPNKP show a marked sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors of hPNKP should potentially increase the sensitivity of human tumors to γ-radiation. To identify small molecule inhibitors of hPNKP, we modified a novel fluorescence-based assay to measure the phosphatase activity of the protein, and screened a diverse library of over 200 polysubstituted piperidines. We identified five compounds that significantly inhibited hPNKP phosphatase activity. Further analysis revealed that one of these compounds, 2-(1-hydroxyundecyl)-1-(4-nitrophenylamino)-6-phenyl-6,7a-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5,7(2H,4aH)-dione (A12B4C3), was the most effective, with an IC50 of 0.06 μmol/L. When tested for its specificity, A12B4C3 displayed no inhibition of two well-known eukaryotic protein phosphatases, calcineurin and protein phosphatase-1, or APTX, another human DNA 3′-phosphatase, and only limited inhibition of the related PNKP from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. At a nontoxic dose (1 μmol/L), A12B4C3 enhanced the radiosensitivity of human A549 lung carcinoma and MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma cells by a factor of two, which was almost identical to the increased sensitivity resulting from shRNA-mediated depletion of hPNKP. Importantly, A12B4C3 failed to increase the radiosensitivity of the hPNKP-depleted cells, implicating hPNKP as the principal cellular target of A12B4C3 responsible for increasing the response to radiation. A12B4C3 is thus a useful reagent for probing hPNKP cellular function and will serve as the lead compound for further development of PNKP-targeting drugs. [Cancer Res 2009;69(19):7739–46]" @default.
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- W2025143946 date "2009-10-01" @default.
- W2025143946 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2025143946 title "Identification of a Small Molecule Inhibitor of the Human DNA Repair Enzyme Polynucleotide Kinase/Phosphatase" @default.
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- W2025143946 doi "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-1805" @default.
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