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- W202525100 abstract "We present an extensive analysis of the structure and intensity of energy use in the USSR since 1960. After a brief review of the energy supply situation in the USSR we analyze sectoral and sub-sectoral activity in the industrial, transportation, residential, and services sectors. The Soviet Union produces more steel and cement, and ships far more freight, per unit of income, than Western Countries. But Soviet citizens have less space in their homes and in the service sector, fewer appliances, far fewer cars, and travel only one-third as much as their Western counterparts. A comparison of the energy intensities of key activities in the USSR with those of Western countries, shows that in most cases the Soviet Union uses more energy than Western countries per unit of activity. However, we reject aggregate measures as tools for analyzing the past evolution of Soviet energy use, or for predicting energy use in the future. This is because both the structure of the Soviet economy and the intensities of energy uses in the USSR differ so greatly from Western experience. The opportunities for energy conservation in the Soviet Union are truly enormous. Were the energy intensities of the major activities in the USSRmore » to fall to the levels of Western Europe, energy use in the USSR would in 1985 would have been 1/3 lower than it actually was. But there are many barriers to the realization of these savings. The problems in obtaining increased efficiencies are more institutional than technical: the USSR has had little economic incentive to invest in more efficient energy use. Energy prices determined by a central pricing authority have not kept pace with world energy prices or domestic energy production. The dilemma for the Soviet Union is that energy inefficiency is really a product of all the other inefficiencies in the Soviet economy.« less" @default.
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- W202525100 title "Energy use and conservation in the USSR: Patterns, prospects, and problems" @default.
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