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- W2025657816 abstract "During 20 expeditions new data were obtained on the maximum extent of glaciation in Tibet and the surrounding mountains. Evidence was found of moraines at altitudes as low as 460 m on the southern flank of the Himalayas and 2300 m on the northern slope of the Tibetan Plateau, in the Qilian Shan. On the northern slopes of the Karakorum, Aghil and Kuen Lun, moraines occurred as far down as 1900 m. In southern Tibet radiographic analyses of erratics document former ice thicknesses of at least 1200 m. Glacial polishing and knobs in the Himalayas and Karakorum are proof of glaciers as thick as 1200–2000 m. On the basis of this evidence, a 1100–1600 m lower equilibrium (ELA) line was reconstructed for the Ice Age, which would mean 2–2.4 million km2 of ice covering almost all of Tibet, since the equilibrium (ELA) line was far below the average altitude of Tibet. On Mount Everest and K2, radiation was measured up to 6650 m, yielding values of 1200–1300 W/m2. Because of the subtropical latitude and the high altitude solar radiation in Tibet is 3–4 times greater than the energy intercepted between 60 and 70°N or S. With an area of 2–2.4 million km2 and an albedo of 90%, the Tibetan ice sheet caused the same heat loss on the earth as a 6–9.6 million km2 sized ice sheet at 60–70°N. Because of its proximity to the present-day equilibrium (ELA) line Tibet must have undergone large-scale glaciation earlier than other areas. Being subject to intensive radiation, the Tibetan ice must have performed an amplifying function during the onset of the Ice Age." @default.
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- W2025657816 date "1998-01-01" @default.
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- W2025657816 title "Reconstruction of the 2.4 million km2 late Pleistocene ice sheet on the Tibetan Plateau and its impact on the global climate" @default.
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- W2025657816 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1040-6182(97)00008-6" @default.
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