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- W202585784 abstract "The United States and other western coun- tries are receiving increas- ing numbers of im- migrants, most of them originating in nonwestem or developing countries. Although immigrants tend to be relatively young, their large numbers will assure increasing numbers of foreign-bom older people who may have spe- cial health concerns in the near future. In this article, we provide an overview of the health sta- tus, access to healthcare, and healthcare needs of foreign-born older Americans. In 2000, the foreign-born population of the U.S. reached 28.4 million, and it is considerably larger now. Of these, 3.1 million were 65 or older, accounting for 11 percent of the immigrant population. Approximately 38.6 percent of the older foreign- bom were bom in Europe, 31.3 percent in Latin America, 22.2 percent in Asia, and 7.9 percent in other areas. In contrast, among the total for- eign-bom population (including all ages), 51 per- cent originated in Latin America, followed by 25.5 percent coming from Asia, 15.3 percent from Europe, and 8.1 percent from other areas. These figures reflect recent trends in immigration, which show a dramatic shift in regions of ori- gin (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2001). There- fore, as this new immigrant population ages, it is likely that within a decade or two, the vast majority of the older foreign-born Americans will be from Latin America and Asia. Given the increasing numbers of older people originating in Latin Am- erica and Asia, we give particular attention to older people originating in these regions. We are aware of the vast diversity within these origins and take that into consideration when making estimates of health status. In some cases, lumping various groups together becomes inevitable because of official statistics as, for example, in the case of mortality rates for the Asian-origin population. This article presents mortality statistics, including health advantages that immigrants bring, and an overview of other health characteristics, mental health, and access to healthcare, and examines research and policy implications. MORTALITY RATES The majority of the evidence on mortality suggests that immigrants to the United States and other western countries are relatively healthy because healthier people are more likely to be in a position to immigrate, and they bring with them healthier habits (Markides, 2001). In other words, sick people are unlikely to immigrate. This so-called immigrant advantage is particularly present in mortality rates that appear to be lower than those of the native born, especially in old age. Of particular interest is the mortality and health of Hispanics, not least because they are by far the largest group of immigrants to the United States. More than two decades ago, Markides and Corei! (1986) suggested the existence of an epidemiological paradox in the health of southwestern Hispanics: Their review at that time concluded that the health status of Hispanics in the United States was comparable to the health status of non-Hispanic whites, despite the considerably poorer socioeconomic situation of Hispanics. Evidence was present in infant mortality, overall life expectancy, and mortality from cardiovascular diseases and certain major cancers. With respect to other health indicators such as diabetes and infectious and parasitic diseases, Hispanics were clearly disadvantaged. More recendy the literature has suggested that the mortality advantage of the various Hispanic subpopulations is an advantage that is mosdy evident among immigrants and is greatest in old age (Markides and Eschbach, 2005). To obtain accurate data on mortality among Hispanics, researchers now use such sources as mortality follow-ups to large population surveys, which can be obtained using the National Death Index maintained by the National Center for Health Statistics, rather than death certificates. Death certificates have proved to be less accurate sources because they often contain inaccurate classification of Hispanic ethnicity. …" @default.
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- W202585784 date "2008-12-01" @default.
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- W202585784 title "The Health of Older Immigrants" @default.
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