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- W2026745087 abstract "We study the demographics of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the local and high-z universe. We use the continuity equation of the population of SMBHs as the leading principle. We consider three physical processes for the growth of SMBHs: mass accretion, mergers, and direct formation of SMBHs. The mass accretion history of SMBHs is estimated by the hard X-ray luminosity functions (HXLFs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). First, we compare the mass accretion history at z > 0 with optical luminosity functions (OLFs) of QSOs previously studied and that with HXLFs. We conclude that the constraints on parameters of mass accretion (energy conversion efficiency, , and Eddington ratio, fEdd) based on the continuity equation appear to be adequate using HXLFs rather than OLFs. The sub-Eddington case (fEdd 3 are needed so that a large part of LBGs have SMBHs with ξ = 0.002-0.005. In case 2, on the other hand, energy conversion efficiency should be mass dependent and the constraint is strict; the fraction of LBGs that have SMBHs must be less than 10%-40%. In both cases, the possibility that nearly all LBGs have SMBHs with large mass ratio, such as ξ ≥ 0.005, is reliably ruled out." @default.
- W2026745087 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2026745087 creator A5038429764 @default.
- W2026745087 date "2004-05-01" @default.
- W2026745087 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2026745087 title "Cosmological Growth History of Supermassive Black Holes and Demographics in the High‐zUniverse: Do Lyman Break Galaxies Have Supermassive Black Holes?" @default.
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- W2026745087 doi "https://doi.org/10.1086/382944" @default.
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