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- W2028256487 abstract "Measurements of the isotopic composition of nitrogen in the solar system are summarized. We show that the 30% change, during the last 3 to 4 billion years, of 15N14N in solar-wind-bearing lunar soils and breccias probably does not reflect changes in this ratio at the solar surface. Such changes, whether by spallation or thermonuclear reactions are ruled out by comparing the yields of 15N with those of other rare isotopes such as 9Be, 11B, 3He or 13C, even if an arbitrary degree of solar mixing is introduced. Moreover, we calculate that the solar activity required for producing significant amounts of 15N by spallation at the solar surface should have resulted in a particle bombardment of the Moon of an intensity that would have produced amounts of spallation isotopes (e.g.15N, 21Ne, 38Ar, 131Xe) several orders of magnitude in excess of what is actually found in the whole regolith.We argue that accretion of interstellar matter also does not work as a cause for a significant change of the photospheric 15N14N ratio. Evidence is presented that the mixing depth at the solar surface on a time scale of ≳109 years is (10−2 −10−1) M⊙ Mixing to this depth renders accretion of interstellar matter as a source of compositional changes at the solar surface inefficient, even if allowance is made for the expected large difference in the accretion rates of condensed and gaseous matter. A quantitative treatment of several alternatives of solar accretion leads to serious contradictions (e.g. with the low Ne abundances in planetary atmospheres or with the amounts of nitrogen that should have been directly accreted by the Moon), and we conclude that accretion during the main sequence life of the Sun is an unlikely source of changes in 15N14N at the solar surface.A ratio of 15N14N = (4.0 ± 0.3) × 10−3 is our best estimate for average solar system material and for the Sun. We propose that a rare, very light nitrogen component (called LPN) is admixed in varying amounts to planetary matter. Undiluted LPN has not been found in meteorites or planetary atmospheres, but we show that the combined effects of LPN admixture and isotope fractionation can in principle account for the variability of 15N14N observed in the planetary system. Determination of the Jovian 15N14N ratio with an accuracy of ~10% would crucially test our interpretation of the nitrogen isotope observations." @default.
- W2028256487 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2028256487 date "1982-04-01" @default.
- W2028256487 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2028256487 title "Nitrogen isotopes in the solar system" @default.
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- W2028256487 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(82)90156-9" @default.
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