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• W2028302641 startingPage "487" @default.
• W2028302641 abstract "Abstract BACKGROUND: Diabetic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of malformation in the infant. Diabetes‐induced anomalies of the face and heart are strongly correlated with neural crest cell (NCC) maldevelopment. We aimed to study glucose‐induced alterations of mRNA levels in cranial and trunk NCCs isolated from rat embryos with increased risk of developing mandibular and cardiac malformations in diabetic pregnancy. METHODS: Inbred Sprague‐Dawley rat embryos were used for NCC isolation from neural tube explants. The migrating cells were exposed to 5.5 or 30 mmol/l glucose concentration for 48 hr, harvested, and prepared for gene expression measurement by RT‐PCR or immunostaining with either distal‐less (Dlx) or AP‐2‐α antibodies. RESULTS: Evaluation of the immunostained slides showed that approximately 75% of the cells were of NCC origin. Exposure to 30 mM glucose decreased mRNA levels of Copper–Zinc superoxide dismutase, manganese superoxide dismutase, extracellular superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Gpx‐1, Nrf2, poly‐ADP ribose polymerase, B‐cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 2, and β‐Catenin genes in cranial neural crest explant cultures. In addition, Pax‐3, Pax‐6, Wnt3a, and Apc mRNA levels were decreased by high glucose exposure in both cranial and trunk neural crest explant cultures. CONCLUSION: Cranial NCCs diminish their mRNA levels of antioxidative enzymes and the Nrf2 response factor, as well as the antiapoptotic B‐cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 2 gene, in response to increased ambient glucose concentration. Furthermore, both cranial and trunk NCC decrease the mRNA levels of the transcription factors Pax‐3 and Pax‐6, as well as key components of the Wnt pathway. These patterns of glucose‐altered gene expression in a developmentally important cell population may be of etiological importance for NCC‐associated malformations in diabetic pregnancy. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 92:487–497, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc." @default.
• W2028302641 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2028302641 creator A5066311197 @default.
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• W2028302641 date "2011-08-04" @default.
• W2028302641 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2028302641 title "Altered gene expression in rat cranial neural crest cells exposed to a teratogenic glucose concentration in vitro-paradoxical downregulation of antioxidative defense genes" @default.
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• W2028302641 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/bdrb.20321" @default.
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