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- W2028667075 abstract "The finding that catalytic converters enhance the N 2 O emissions from motor vehicles gave rise to the concern that they may represent a significant source of N 2 O. Measurements of N 2 O and CO 2 emissions of a fleet of about 40,000 cars were conducted in two roadway tunnels in Stockholm, Sweden, and Hamburg, Germany, to estimate N 2 O emissions under normal driving conditions. To avoid any risk of artifact N 2 O formation, samples were analyzed within 1 min after collection. Median N 2 O to CO 2 molar emission ratios of 1.4 × 10 −4 and 0.6 × 10 −4 were measured in Stockholm and Hamburg, respectively. The lower emission ratio in Hamburg may well reflect the smaller fraction of catalyst‐equipped cars in Germany (22%) compared to the Swedish vehicle fleet (33%) as well as low N 2 O emissions from trucks which were not allowed in the Stockholm tunnel. From our measurements we derive a N 2 O to CO 2 molar emission ratio from cars equipped with catalysts in the median to interquartile range of 3.8 ± 2.2 × 10 −4 , from which present worldwide N 2 O emissions from cars are estimated to be 0.38 ± 0.22 Tg N 2 O (0.24 ± 0.14 Tg N) per year, corresponding to 3–16% of the atmospheric growth of 4.7 ± 0.9 Tg N 2 O/yr (3.0 ± 0.6 Tg N/yr). From the worldwide emission of 0.38 Tg N 2 O we derived an emission of about 170 mg N 2 O/km for catalyst‐equipped cars, significantly higher than those reported in earlier studies. If the entire present fleet of cars were to be equipped with current types of catalysts, the global N 2 O emission could double and reach 6–32% of the atmospheric growth rate." @default.
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- W2028667075 date "1993-10-20" @default.
- W2028667075 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2028667075 title "Nitrous oxide emissions from motor vehicles in tunnels and their global extrapolation" @default.
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- W2028667075 doi "https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd01637" @default.
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