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• W2029973932 abstract "The Cretaceous Troncoso Inferior Member of the Huitrin Formation comprises fluvial and aeolian facies that form a drying-upwards succession within the Neuquen Basin. The basal fluvial sandstones were deposited as braided river deposits and lie unconformably on top of either the deep-marine Agrio Formation or, locally, the shallow-marine Chorreado Member (Huitrin Formation.). In places, the fluvial sandstones are interbedded with remnants of aeolian deposits recording an arid environment and ephemeral flows. In the study area the upper section is predominantly aeolian and was controlled by northerly winds with both linear and transverse dune types being deposited. The depositional system was rapidly flooded and dune topography (relief ranging between 2 and 35 m) was preserved on its top surface. In addition to dune topography, the Troncoso dunes also show evidence of reworking and in situ soft-sediment deformation related to the flooding. The principal aim of this paper is to document the soft-sediment deformation and preservation of topography associated with the flooding of the dune field. Within the soft sediment deformed and reworked sediments at the top of the Troncoso Inferior Member spatial and temporal relationships indicate that they formed in a specific sequence. Initially, water-escape processes created convolutedly folded and dish structures that were concentrated in areas of slightly higher preserved dune topography. Secondly, the convolutedly folded and dish facies were eroded and reworked by wave undercutting and migrating three-dimensional dunes in a shallow-marine environment. This subaqueous reworking resulted in an interbedded massive and cross-stratified unit. With further deepening of the water, the topography became stabilized and the uppermost part of the interval (0.1–0.3 m) was reworked by waves across most of the basin. In the topographic lows between dunes, liquefaction-induced sediment gravity flows deposited massive–flatlaminated facies. The reworked and soft-sediment deformed aeolian dune topography is overlain by the evaporites of the Troncoso Superior Member. The distribution of flood-related facies and the amount of preserved dune topography (2–35 m) indicates that the transgression must have been rapid but of low energy. The aim of this study is to address geometric and process aspects of reworked and soft-sediment deformed facies in a drowned aeolian system. The Late Aptian Troncoso Inferior Member of the Neuquen Basin (Argentina) includes aeolian deposits towards its top, which are overlain by carbonates and evaporites. The excellent outcrops east of Chos Malal (Fig. 1) provide an ideal opportunity to study flooded dune systems. Depositional super-surfaces (sensu Kocurek & Havholm 1993) created by the flooding of dune systems have been recognized previously in both outcrop and subsurface studies (e.g. Vincelette & Chittum 1981; Eschner & Kocurek 1986, 1988; Mountney et al. 1999). Preserved dune topography is also seen in other From: VEIGA, G. D., SPALLETTI, L. A., HOWELL, J. A. & SCHWARZ, E. (eds) 2005. The Neuquen Basin, Argentina: A Case Study in Sequence Stratigraphy and Basin Dynamics. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 252, 163–183. 0305-8719/05/$15.00 # The Geological Society of London 2005. systems such as the Permian Rotliegend– Weissliegend system (UK, southern North Sea) (Glennie & Buller 1983; Howell & Mountney 1997; Stromback & Howell 2002), the Jurassic Entrada Sandstone (SW USA) (Benan & Kocurek 2000) and the Page Sandstone (SW USA) (Blakey et al. 1996). Within the Troncoso the architecture of the aeolian and fluvial sequence was studied in order to understand the depositional system that were active immediately prior to the transgression. This is summarized within this paper and addressed more fully in an accompanying paper (Veiga et al. 2005). The main focus of this study is the preserved dune topography beneath the flooding surface, and the distribution of reworked and soft-sediment deformed facies. The study area is situated in the NW part of the Neuquen Basin in Argentina (Fig. 1). This basin contains large amounts of Argentina’s hydrocarbon reserves, and the Troncoso is an important reservoir interval (Fig. 1) (Uliana & Legarreta 1993). Uliana et al. (1975), Legarreta (1985) and Legarreta & Uliana (1991) have previously studied the Huitrin Formation. Veiga et al. (2005) provide a detailed study of the entire Troncoso Inferior Member; however, this is the first detailed study of the upper soft-sediment deformed and reworked part of the system. Basin history and regional stratigraphy The Neuquen Basin originated during the Late Triassic due to the extensional collapse of an Upper Palaeozoic thickened crust (Franzese & Spalletti 2001). It started as a series of NW– SE-trending rifts in an intra-arc setting on the South American foreland. During the Early Jurassic, regional thermal subsidence (Legarreta & Gulisano 1989; Legarreta & Uliana 1991) related to post-extensional cooling of the extended lithosphere (Uliana & Legarreta 1993) resulted in the development of a wide marine embayment on the SW margin of Gondwana. During the Jurassic and Cretaceous the Neuquen Basin was connected to the Pacific by a narrow seaway through openings in the magmatic arc to the west (Uliana & Legarreta 1993). The sedimentation in the basin was controlled both by eustatic sea-level changes in the main Pacific and by tectonic uplift of the arc. The basin was periodically isolated from the open ocean to the west by eustatic sea-level falls. The sediments that filled the basin were sourced predominantly from the SE and prograded towards the NW (Legarreta & Uliana 1991). During the Early Aptian a major fall in sea level resulted in the deposition of the continental deposits of the Huitrin Formation on top of the marine deposits of the Agrio Formation (Veiga et al. 2005). Towards the centre of the basin, the Huitrin Formation includes ephemeral fluvial deposits, a saline mud flat assemblage and evaporites (Legarreta 1985). Towards the basin margins fluvial and aeolian sediments were deposited. Flooding in the Late Aptian submerged the aeolian/fluvial facies and a closed hydrological regime resulted in the deposition Zapala Chos Malal Buta Ranquil Malargue" @default.
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• W2029973932 title "The transgression of an erg — sedimentation and reworking/soft-sediment deformation of aeolian facies: the Cretaceous Troncoso Member, Neuquén Basin, Argentina" @default.
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