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• W2030395112 abstract "The morphology of the beads of polymer produced by polymerization of ethylene with an aluminasupported zirconium tetrabenzyl catalyst has been studied as a function of conversion. Before polymerization starts the alumina is in the form of spherical particles of diameter 20–70 μm made up of porous aggregates of subparticles of diameter 0.1–0.6 μm. Polymerization causes these particles to expand to form hollow, spherical beads of polymer whose inner walls contain clusters of alumina subparticles whose occurrence decreases with conversion. As the conversion increases there is considerable fissuring of the beads and at high conversions the walls are made up of ‘worms’ of polymer connecting clusters of catalyst subparticles; these worms have diameters of around 0.6 μm and are very similar to those observed from a wide variety of related catalyst systems. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis and optical microscopy of the polymer beads show a high melting temperature, a rapid increase in melting temperature with heating rate, delayed loss of birefringence in the melt and a rapid reversion to normal behaviour on nitric acid treatment, suggesting that the polymer is formed in a highly drawn state. It is proposed that the observed morphology arises from the interaction of monomer diffusion rate and polymerization rate. Using estimates for the diffusion rate of ethylene under various conditions it is shown that the observed morphology is consistent with a process which becomes diffusion controlled quite early in the reaction so that hollow beads are formed. With increasing conversion, expansion of the outer layers of the bead causes drawing and the production of worms. At the same time fissuring of the surface allows the ingress of monomer into the interior of the beads whose walls grow relatively uniformly at higher conversions." @default.
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• W2030395112 date "1983-07-01" @default.
• W2030395112 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2030395112 title "The morphology of polyethylenes produced by alumina-supported zirconium tetrabenzyl" @default.
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• W2030395112 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(83)90209-4" @default.
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