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- W2030396834 endingPage "8" @default.
- W2030396834 startingPage "801" @default.
- W2030396834 abstract "Cytokines play an important role in infection and inflammation and are crucial mediators of the cross-talk between the brain and the immune system. Schizophrenia would be associated with an imbalance in inflammatory cytokines, leading to a decrease in Th1 and an increase in Th2 cytokine secretion. However, data published so far have been inconsistent. The primary objective of the present meta-analysis was to verify whether the cytokine imbalance hypothesis of schizophrenia is substantiated by evidence.Cross-sectional studies were included if they assessed in vivo plasma or serum cytokine concentrations and/or in vitro secretion of cytokines by peripheral blood leukocytes from schizophrenia patients and healthy volunteers.Data from 62 studies involving a total sample size of 2298 schizophrenia patients and 1858 healthy volunteers remained for analysis. Ten cytokines were assessed, including the prototypic Th1 and Th2 cytokines gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) as well as IL-2, soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), and IL-10. The results show that an increase occurs in in vivo IL-1RA, sIL-2R, and IL-6 and a decrease occurs in in vitro IL-2 in schizophrenia. No significant effect sizes were obtained for the other cytokines.These findings provide the first evidence of establishment of an inflammatory syndrome in schizophrenia, which refutes the current hypothesis of a Th2 slant. Caveats are presented to data interpretation, including the role of stress and the effect of weight gain that develops in schizophrenia." @default.
- W2030396834 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2030396834 creator A5009174972 @default.
- W2030396834 creator A5024114284 @default.
- W2030396834 creator A5032024974 @default.
- W2030396834 creator A5043353145 @default.
- W2030396834 creator A5060058583 @default.
- W2030396834 creator A5065231626 @default.
- W2030396834 date "2008-04-15" @default.
- W2030396834 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
- W2030396834 title "Inflammatory cytokine alterations in schizophrenia: a systematic quantitative review." @default.
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