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• W2030455862 abstract "In the past decade, there has been a national emphasis on the development of community-based health promotion programs for persons with mental retardation in an attempt to improve overall health including increasing physical activity, decreasing the prevalence of obesity, and improving the quality of life in these individuals. PURPOSE: To determine whether participating in a structured exercise program improves the physical fitness and psychosocial wellness of adults with mental retardation. METHODS: Thirty individuals (37.6 ± 9.9 yrs), both men and women, all diagnosed with mental retardation, participated in an exercise program twice a week for 8 weeks. Pre- and post-exercise training measures included body composition, aerobic fitness, muscular strength and flexibility. Psychosocial measures included 5 questionnaires focusing on overall health perception (OH), exercise knowledge (EK), exercise perception (EP), barriers to exercise (BE), and self-efficacy (SE). Exercise training consisted of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise and 15 minutes of upper body resistance exercises. Time comparisons were made using a two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. RESULTS: There were no significant changes for body mass (81.8 ± 18.0 to 82.0 ± 18.2 kg) or aerobic power (2.3 ± 0.8 to 2.6 ± 1.0 L/min) as a result of exercise training. Significant training effects were found for chest press (62.0 ± 19.3 to 67.5 ± 18.1 kg, p<0.05), fly press (18.5 ± 11.5 to 20.9 ± 10.8 kg, p<0.05), lat pull down (28.6 ± 10.6 to 35.2 ± 10.2 kg, p<0.001) and triceps extension (14.7 ± 6.1 to 24.9 ± 6.5 kg, p<0.001). In addition, flexibility significantly improved as a result of training (39.2 ± 11.0 to 45.3 ± 10.8 cm, p<0.05). There was a significant increase in EK scores (7.4 ± 1.6 to 8.0 ± 1.6, p<0.05) and a significant decrease for BE following training (26.1 ± 3.7 to 24.0 ± 3.6, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Adults with mental retardation can gain physical benefits, specifically increased strength and flexibility, as a result of a structured 8-week exercise training program. In addition, psychosocial benefits can occur, specifically increased EK and decreased BE. Improvements in body composition, aerobic fitness, and psychosocial outcomes such as OH, EP, and SE may require a training period longer than 8 weeks to observe a positive effect." @default.
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• W2030455862 date "2007-05-01" @default.
• W2030455862 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2030455862 title "Physical and Psychosocial Impacts of a Structured Exercise Program for Adults with Mental Retardation" @default.
• W2030455862 doi "https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000273933.07703.dc" @default.
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