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• W2031655928 endingPage "307" @default.
• W2031655928 startingPage "271" @default.
• W2031655928 abstract "Iron–sulfur clusters [Fe-S] are small, ubiquitous inorganic cofactors representing one of the earliest catalysts during biomolecule evolution and are involved in fundamental biological reactions, including regulation of enzyme activity, mitochondrial respiration, ribosome biogenesis, cofactor biogenesis, gene expression regulation, and nucleotide metabolism. Although simple in structure, [Fe-S] biogenesis requires complex protein machineries and pathways for assembly. [Fe-S] are assembled from cysteine-derived sulfur and iron onto scaffold proteins followed by transfer to recipient apoproteins. Several predominant iron–sulfur biogenesis systems have been identified, including nitrogen fixation (NIF), sulfur utilization factor (SUF), iron–sulfur cluster (ISC), and cytosolic iron–sulfur protein assembly (CIA), and many protein components have been identified and characterized. In eukaryotes ISC is mainly localized to mitochondria, cytosolic iron–sulfur protein assembly to the cytosol, whereas plant sulfur utilization factor is localized mainly to plastids. Because of this spatial separation, evidence suggests cross-talk mediated by organelle export machineries and dual targeting mechanisms. Although research efforts in understanding iron–sulfur biogenesis has been centered on bacteria, yeast, and plants, recent efforts have implicated inappropriate [Fe-S] biogenesis to underlie many human diseases. In this review we detail our current understanding of [Fe-S] biogenesis across species boundaries highlighting evolutionary conservation and divergence and assembling our knowledge into a cellular context. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 15, 271–307. I. Introduction A. History of iron–sulfur cluster research B. Detection of [Fe-S] C. Redox biochemistry of iron–sulfur proteins II. [Fe-S] Biogenesis in Bacteria A. NIF system (A. vinelandii) 1. NifS and NifU 2. The function of IscANif and other A-type proteins B. ISC system (A. vinelandii and E. coli) C. SUF system (E. coli and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803) D. Evolution of [Fe-S] biogenesis systems E. Communication between different systems 1. NIF and ISC in A. vinelandii 2. ISC and SUF in E. coli F. Regulation of [Fe-S] biogenesis 1. Regulation of ISC and SUF in E.coli 2. Regulation of SUF in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 III. [Fe-S] Biogenesis in Yeast (S. cerevisiae) A. Mitochondrial system: ISC B. Cytosolic system: CIA C. Communication between ISC and CIA: mitochondrial export machinery IV. [Fe-S] Biogenesis in Plants A. SUF-like system in chloroplasts of A. thaliana 1. SufA 2. SufBCD complex 3. SufS-SufE 4. Other components 5. AtSufE1- and AtSufE3-like proteins B. ISC like system in mitochondria of A. thaliana C. CIA like system in the cytosol of A. thaliana D. Communication between different compartments 1. The importance of chloroplasts 2. AtSUF and AtISC 3. AtISC and AtCIA V. [Fe-S] Biogenesis in Malaria Parasite (P. falciparum) VI. [Fe-S] Biogenesis in Humans and Implications in Disease A. [Fe-S] assembly pathways in humans B. Iron regulation by ISC and CIA C. [Fe-S] biogenesis proteins and human disease states 1. Friedreich ataxia and [Fe-S] assembly 2. Sideroblastic microcytic anemia and Grx5 3. Myopathy caused by ISCU mutation 4. Mitochondrial respiratory chain, DNA repair and tumorigenesis VII. Conclusions and Perspectives" @default.
• W2031655928 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2031655928 creator A5018516855 @default.
• W2031655928 creator A5020931376 @default.
• W2031655928 date "2011-07-01" @default.
• W2031655928 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2031655928 title "Iron–Sulfur Clusters: Biogenesis, Molecular Mechanisms, and Their Functional Significance" @default.
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