FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2031947498> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2031947498 endingPage "36" @default.
• W2031947498 startingPage "3" @default.
• W2031947498 abstract "A Black Belt Anomaly: Biracial Cooperation in Reconstruction-era Perry County, 1865–1874 IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE CIVIL WAR, Alabamians wrestled with the transformations that accompanied the Union victory. Like the rest of the South and the nation, sociopolitical, economic, and cultural issues beset Alabama during the state’s nine-year reconstruction from 1865 to 1874. This period was traumatic for most Alabamians, but it was particularly hard for blacks living in the racially divided and often violent Black Belt. Situated in the south-central region of the state between the Piney Woods, the Coastal Plains, and the Wiregrass subregions to the south and the Central Piedmont subregion to the north (see Map 1, p. 5), the Black Belt’s dark, fertile soil and the dark-skinned slaves who had worked it before the Civil War enabled the Black Belt to become one of the wealthiest and most productive cotton-growing areas in the United States.1 B E R T I S E N G L I S H Bertis English is an assistant professor of history at Alabama State University. The author thanks the editorial staff and the outside reviewers of the Alabama Review for numerous helpful suggestions. He also thanks Richard Bailey, Kendall Dunson, Johnny Green, Michael Fitzgerald, William Harper, Sharron Herron, Christopher Pitts, Cleophus Thomas Jr., and Joyce Yette for commenting on a previous draft of the essay; Patience Essah, Wayne Flynt, and Larry Gerber for guiding the dissertation from which the article is drawn; the public-service staff at the Alabama Department of Archives and History—especially Rickie Brunner, Nancy Dupree, Norwood Kerr, Willie Maryland, and Frazine Taylor—for helping to locate many of the sources that are cited in the article; and Elizabeth Wells at Samford University Special Collections. 1 Acts of the Session of July, September and November, 1868, of the General Assembly of Alabama: Held in the City of Montgomery. . . . (Montgomery, 1868), 38, 64, 477; Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries, Agriculture of Alabama (Birmingham, 1930), 54, 58; Charles S. Davis, The Cotton Kingdom in Alabama (Montgomery, 1939), 1–2, 6–8, 42–43, 45; John Witherspoon DuBose, “Chronicles of the Canebrake,” Alabama Historical Quarterly 9 (Winter 1947): 475–76; Robert William Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman, Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery (Boston, 1974), 44, 198–99; James B. Sellers, Slavery in Alabama (Tuscaloosa, 1950), 129, 163, 222–23, 225, 251. T H E A L A B A M A R E V I E W 4 Confederate Gen. Richard Taylor’s surrender to Union Maj. Gen. Edward Canby in Mobile County on May 4, 1865 (almost one month after Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox) ushered in a new day for blacks and whites alike. Whereas most blacks anticipated legal and psychological freedom, nostalgic whites yearned for the days of old, when the lowest white was higher in society than the most privileged black. Reminded daily of the Confederate defeat by military occupation and facing political uncertainty, embittered whites refused to fathom, let alone accept, the legal status guaranteed to African Americans by the Thirteenth Amendment.2 Although most Black Belt counties had emerged from the Civil War intact, the war nonetheless altered the centralized, highly productive , slave-dependent plantation system for which the subregion had been known before 1861. No longer able to rely on slaves to produce such staple crops as cotton, postbellum planters and other white employers compensated black workers in cash, foodstuffs, clothing, medical attention, shorter workdays, and similar prewar perquisites. Additionally, whites had to deal with inclement weather, which caused considerable agricultural hardship, and the oversight of local labor relations by the federal Freedmen’s Bureau. Upset by the changed economic and political structure of the immediate postwar era, numerous whites vented their frustrations by harassing, intimidating, or physically assaulting blacks. Other whites made it difficult for African Americans to buy land and homes, secure employment, or gather socially. And once the Fifteenth Amendment granted black men voting privileges, conservative whites tried to sabotage blacks’ attempts to organize and attend political meetings, register to vote, or hold important political offices—often using violence..." @default.
• W2031947498 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2031947498 creator A5023151637 @default.
• W2031947498 date "2009-01-01" @default.
• W2031947498 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
• W2031947498 title "A Black Belt Anomaly: Biracial Cooperation in Reconstruction-era Perry County, 1865-1874" @default.
• W2031947498 cites W142863095 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1501766909 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1505151340 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1505882716 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1509556642 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1564724747 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1571375908 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1598066490 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1599264215 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1968454838 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1971531232 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1974270128 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1977628297 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1983865771 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1984398035 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1990465954 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1997110299 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1997511846 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2000464676 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2003504260 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2010591992 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2012182529 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2015648166 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2022677387 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2036844370 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2060917147 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2066494650 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2067630010 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2068839145 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2082261563 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2088333155 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2093197789 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2126228738 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2130945110 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2240246989 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2312433626 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2316708685 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2319456615 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2321996167 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2329007979 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2331138834 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2332290982 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2334173175 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2493071692 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2619146219 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2620285652 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2795794716 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2795919529 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2795954171 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2796706168 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2797372477 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2798046460 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2798870242 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W2802708675 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W3140772737 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W568804942 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W570390672 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W573343211 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W575197658 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W581417450 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W596098007 @default.
• W2031947498 cites W1629855270 @default.
• W2031947498 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/ala.2009.0007" @default.
• W2031947498 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
• W2031947498 type Work @default.
• W2031947498 sameAs 2031947498 @default.
• W2031947498 citedByCount "3" @default.
• W2031947498 countsByYear W20319474982014 @default.
• W2031947498 countsByYear W20319474982021 @default.
• W2031947498 countsByYear W20319474982023 @default.
• W2031947498 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2031947498 hasAuthorship W2031947498A5023151637 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C104317684 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C11413529 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C144024400 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C166957645 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C185592680 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C27206212 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C2779220109 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C2779755727 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C41008148 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C48103436 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C55493867 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C56273599 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C81631423 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConcept C95457728 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConceptScore W2031947498C104317684 @default.
• W2031947498 hasConceptScore W2031947498C11413529 @default.

• next