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- W2032088722 abstract "Water Quality Requirements and Restoring Wells the Injectivity of Waste Water Disposal Abstract Water separated in desalters and other separation units in a gas-oil separation plant contained variable amounts of oil contaminant, suspended solids and chemicals. Two nearby wells are used to dispose the produced water from the plant. Due to the poor quality of the waste water and long shut-in period, one of the two wells encountered a significant drop in well injectivity. A thorough investigation was conducted to identify the damaging mechanism, design a treatment program to restore the well injectivity, and recommend guidelines for water quality needed to minimize formation damage. The study included characterization of the waste water, and conducting coreflood experiments to determine the effects of total suspended solids, oil content, particle size, H2S and iron content on the permeability of reservoir cores (sandstone formation). Finally, coreflood experiments were performed to determine an acid formulation which can be used to remove formation damage while maintaining the integrity of the formation (sandstone). Experimental results indicated that the waste water contained significant amounts of suspended solids (mainly iron sulfide) and oil (up to 250 mg/l). Coarse particles of more than 500 microns were present in the waste water. Coreflood results indicated that the waste water severely damaged reservoir cores. Formation of an external filter cake was the damaging mechanism observed in all coreflood experiments. Iron sulfide played an important role in the damage observed in the lab and field studies. The following water quality requirements were recommended to minimize loss of injectivity total suspended material (solids and oil) should not exceed 50 ppm, mean particle size should not exceed 4 microns, hydrogen sulfide concentration should not exceed 10 ppm, and total iron concentration should not exceed 2 ppm. Also, to prevent formation damage due to particle settling, it was recommended to continuously inject the waste water into the two disposal wells. Shutting in disposal wells for a long period of time will allow most of the particulate material to settle in the pore spaces, which will cause formation damage and loss of injectivity. To restore the injectivity of the damaged well, an acid formulation was designed which took into account formation mineralogy, presence of trapped oil, precipitation of iron, and elemental sulfur. The treatment was applied in the field where the acid was injected using a 1.5 coiled tubing. Ball sealers were added to the acid to ensure better diversion. The treatment was successful, and the well injectivity increased by more than 400%. P. 565" @default.
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- W2032088722 date "1998-02-18" @default.
- W2032088722 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W2032088722 title "Water Quality Requirements and Restoring the Injectivity of Waste Water Disposal Wells" @default.
- W2032088722 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/39487-ms" @default.
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