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- W2032573531 abstract "The following experiments on permeability are based mainly on a physiological reaction remarkable for its delicate balance, which on that account may reveal processes beyond the reach of quantitative chemical tests. The reaction in question is a contraction along their long axes of the chloroplasts and cytoplasmic strands in the cells of Spirogyra (Osterhout, I9I6; Chien, I9I7; Scarth, I922, I923, I924). The mechanism of these movements has been discussed elsewhere (I924). With most polyvalent cations the response is extremely sensitive. If therefore one is able to prove that ions must penetrate before they can produce it, the reaction will afford a delicate qualitative test of permeability, with the further possibility of quantitative comparisons. Proof, as far as it goes, is provided by a microchemical test in the case of Ba, whose action is the subject of many of our experiments. If filaments of Spirogyra which have responded to a Ba salt be washed and treated with H2SO4, the polarizing microscope usually reveals a fine crystalline precipitate in the protoplasm which is not present in a control that has not reacted to Ba. The chemical test, however, is less delicate than the physiological reaction and so can not prove the penetration of Ba to the limit of its effect. By comparison with Ba, those ions such as Ca whose penetrability 2 is known to be weak produce no effect, though in colloidal activity they may be practically equal to Ba (see later). The facts that there is always a lapse of time between the application of the agent and the beginning of the reaction, and that this interval may vary from a few minutes to several hours according as the conditions modify permeability, point also to penetration of the agent as a necessary antecedent to its action. Just as in the case of cells of voluntary and heart muscle two types of ionic action are distinguished, a superficial and an internal, de-" @default.
- W2032573531 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2032573531 date "1925-03-01" @default.
- W2032573531 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2032573531 title "THE PENETRATION OF CATIONS INTO LIVING PROTOPLASM" @default.
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- W2032573531 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1925.tb05822.x" @default.
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