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• W2033765994 abstract "No AccessJournal of UrologyReview Articles1 Mar 2005APOPTOSIS AND CHEMOTHERAPY FOR BLADDER CANCER JOHN JOSEPH MCKNIGHT, SAMUEL B. GRAY, HUGH F. O’KANE, SAMUEL R. JOHNSTON, and KATE E. WILLIAMSON JOHN JOSEPH MCKNIGHTJOHN JOSEPH MCKNIGHT More articles by this author , SAMUEL B. GRAYSAMUEL B. GRAY More articles by this author , HUGH F. O’KANEHUGH F. O’KANE More articles by this author , SAMUEL R. JOHNSTONSAMUEL R. JOHNSTON More articles by this author , and KATE E. WILLIAMSONKATE E. WILLIAMSON More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000143194.79287.a9AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract Purpose: We discuss the role of apoptosis, that is gene directed self-destruction of a cell, in the response of bladder transitional cell carcinoma cells to chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: A directed MEDLINE literature search of apoptosis, bladder cancer and chemotherapy was performed to extract relevant information for review. The characteristics of apoptotic cells were defined and the methods in common use to detect these traits is described. The role of the key mediators of the apoptotic process in bladder cancer is discussed in the context of chemosensitivity and disease stage. The importance of the apoptosis induction after chemotherapy is highlighted. Results: On stimulus by appropriate external or internal signals a cell may alter the expression of genes encoding for proteins associated with the apoptotic process. The development of apoptosis depends on the balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins. Key alterations in genes and proteins related to apoptosis within bladder cancer result in a shift away from the default state of apoptosis toward a cell with increased survival properties that is chemoresistant. Conclusions: Much current research in bladder cancer is aimed at restoring chemosensitivity by shifting the cell toward a pro-apoptotic phenotype. Successful translation of this work into clinical practice may improve survival in patients in whom prognosis is currently poor. References 1 : Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer1972; 26: 239. Google Scholar 2 : Apoptosis and Chemotherapy. New Jersey: Humana Press, Inc.1999. Google Scholar 3 : Apoptosis (the 1992 Frank Rose Memorial Lecture). Br J Cancer1993; 67: 205. Google Scholar 4 : Apoptosis-regulating proteins as targets for drug discovery. Trends Mol Med2001; 7: 314. Google Scholar 5 : Induction of apoptosis by mitomycin-C in an ex vivo model of bladder cancer. BJU Int2000; 85: 911. Google Scholar 6 : Quantification of apoptotic cells with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled annexin V in chinese hamster ovary cell cultures treated with cisplatin. 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Google Scholar From the Department of Urology, Belfast City Hospital, and Uro-oncology Group (HFO, KEW), Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited bySun B, Moibi J, Mak A, Xiao Z, Roa W and Moore R (2009) Response of Bladder Carcinoma Cells to TRAIL and Antisense Oligonucleotide, Bcl-2 or Clusterin TreatmentsJournal of Urology, VOL. 181, NO. 3, (1361-1371), Online publication date: 1-Mar-2009. Volume 173Issue 3March 2005Page: 683-690 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.Keywordsbladder neoplasmsbladderchemotherapyapoptosisMetricsAuthor Information JOHN JOSEPH MCKNIGHT More articles by this author SAMUEL B. GRAY More articles by this author HUGH F. O’KANE More articles by this author SAMUEL R. JOHNSTON More articles by this author KATE E. WILLIAMSON More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ..." @default.
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