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- W2034100391 abstract "Live attenuated SIV vaccines protect nonhuman primates from infection with pathogenic wild-type SIV, but the crucial mechanisms have not been clear. In this issue, Louis Picker and colleagues show that protection by live attenuated vaccines against intravenous SIV challenge in rhesus macaques is associated with SIV-specific T cell response in the lymph nodes, and not the blood, and persistent SIV replication in lymph node follicular T helper cells. Live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaccines (LAVs) remain the most efficacious of all vaccines in nonhuman primate models of HIV and AIDS, yet the basis of their robust protection remains poorly understood. Here we show that the degree of LAV-mediated protection against intravenous wild-type SIVmac239 challenge strongly correlates with the magnitude and function of SIV-specific, effector-differentiated T cells in the lymph node but not with the responses of such T cells in the blood or with other cellular, humoral and innate immune parameters. We found that maintenance of protective T cell responses is associated with persistent LAV replication in the lymph node, which occurs almost exclusively in follicular helper T cells. Thus, effective LAVs maintain lymphoid tissue-based, effector-differentiated, SIV-specific T cells that intercept and suppress early wild-type SIV amplification and, if present in sufficient frequencies, can completely control and perhaps clear infection, an observation that provides a rationale for the development of safe, persistent vectors that can elicit and maintain such responses." @default.
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- W2034100391 date "2012-09-09" @default.
- W2034100391 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W2034100391 title "Lymph node T cell responses predict the efficacy of live attenuated SIV vaccines" @default.
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- W2034100391 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2934" @default.
- W2034100391 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3493820" @default.
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- W2034100391 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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